NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS AUG 23 2019
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
LUIS CARLOS LEYVA LOPEZ, No. 15-71907
Petitioner, Agency No. A205-489-552
v.
MEMORANDUM*
WILLIAM P. BARR, Attorney General,
Respondent.
On Petition for Review of an Order of the
Board of Immigration Appeals
Submitted August 7, 2019**
Before: THOMAS, Chief Judge, HAWKINS and McKEOWN, Circuit Judges.
Luis Carlos Leyva Lopez, a native and citizen of Mexico, petitions pro se for
review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) order dismissing Lopez’s
appeal from an immigration judge’s (“IJ”) decision denying Lopez’s application
for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against
Torture (“CAT”).
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
**
The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252. We review de novo questions
of law, Cerezo v. Mukasey, 512 F.3d 1163, 1166 (9th Cir. 2008), except to the
extent that deference is owed to the BIA’s interpretation of the governing statutes
and regulations, Simeonov v. Ashcroft, 371 F.3d 532, 535 (9th Cir. 2004). We
review for substantial evidence the agency’s factual findings. Zehatye v. Gonzales,
453 F.3d 1182, 1184–85 (9th Cir. 2006). We deny the petition for review.
Substantial evidence supports the BIA’s determination that Lopez failed to
establish extraordinary circumstances or changed conditions to excuse the untimely
filing of his asylum application. See Ramadan v. Gonzales, 479 F.3d 646, 649 (9th
Cir. 2007) (citing 8 U.S.C. § 1158(a)(2)(D)). Thus, Lopez’s asylum claim fails.
Substantial evidence also supports the BIA’s determination that the indirect
threats made against Lopez and Lopez’s having been followed while driving in
Mexico do not rise to the level of past persecution. See Mansour v. Ashcroft, 390
F.3d 667, 672 (9th Cir. 2004) (“[P]ersecution is an extreme concept that does not
include every sort of treatment our society regards as offensive.” (citation
omitted)).
The BIA did not err in concluding that Lopez failed to establish membership
in a cognizable social group. See Reyes v. Lynch, 842 F.3d 1125, 1131 (9th Cir.
2016) (in order to demonstrate membership in a particular group, “[t]he applicant
must ‘establish that the group is (1) composed of members who share a common
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immutable characteristic, (2) defined with particularity, and (3) socially distinct
within the society in question’” (quoting Matter of M-E-V-G-, 26 I. & N. Dec. 227,
237 (BIA 2014))); see also Barbosa v. Barr, 926 F.3d 1053, 1059–60 (9th Cir.
2019) (holding that individuals returning to Mexico from the United States who are
believed to be wealthy does not constitute a particular social group).
Substantial evidence supports the agency’s conclusion that Lopez otherwise
failed to establish a nexus between the harm he fears and a protected ground. See
Zetino v. Holder, 622 F.3d 1007, 1016 (9th Cir. 2010) (an applicant’s “desire to be
free from harassment by criminals motivated by theft or random violence by gang
members bears no nexus to a protected ground”).
Thus, Lopez’s withholding of removal claim fails.
Substantial evidence also supports the agency’s denial of CAT relief because
Lopez failed to show it is more likely than not he will be tortured by or with the
consent or acquiescence of the government if returned to Mexico. See Aden v.
Holder, 589 F.3d 1040, 1047 (9th Cir. 2009).
PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.
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