NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS DEC 13 2019
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
WILSON ROELI SOLIS-LOPEZ, No. 15-72998
Petitioner, Agency No. A205-054-434
v.
MEMORANDUM*
WILLIAM P. BARR, Attorney General,
Respondent.
On Petition for Review of an Order of the
Board of Immigration Appeals
Submitted December 11, 2019**
Before: WALLACE, CANBY, and TASHIMA, Circuit Judges.
Wilson Roeli Solis-Lopez, a native and citizen of Guatemala, petitions for
review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) order dismissing his appeal
from an immigration judge’s (“IJ”) decision denying his applications for asylum,
withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”).
Our jurisdiction is governed by 8 U.S.C. § 1252. We review de novo questions of
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
**
The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
law, Cerezo v. Mukasey, 512 F.3d 1163, 1166 (9th Cir. 2008), except to the extent
that deference is owed to the BIA’s interpretation of the governing statutes and
regulations, Simeonov v. Ashcroft, 371 F.3d 532, 535 (9th Cir. 2004). We review
for substantial evidence the agency’s factual findings. Garcia-Milian v. Holder,
755 F.3d 1026, 1031 (9th Cir. 2014)). We denied in part and dismissed in part the
petition for review.
The BIA did not err in declining to consider Solis-Lopez’s arguments
regarding family as a social group that were raised for the first time to the BIA.
See Honcharov v. Barr, 924 F.3d 1293, 1297 (9th Cir. 2019) (BIA did not err in
declining to consider argument raised for the first time on appeal); Matter of W-Y-
C- & H-O-B-, 27 I. & N. Dec. 189, 190-91 (BIA 2018) (where the IJ did not have
an opportunity to make relevant factual findings, the BIA cannot do so in the first
instance on appeal).
Substantial evidence supports the agency’s determination that Solis-Lopez
failed to establish that his past harm rose to the level of persecution. See Lim v.
INS, 224 F.3d 929, 936 (9th Cir. 2000) (persecution is an “extreme concept” that
includes the “infliction of suffering or harm”). We lack jurisdiction to consider
Solis-Lopez’s contention as to psychological harm because he failed to raise it
before the BIA. See Barron v. Ashcroft, 358 F.3d 674, 677-78 (9th Cir. 2004)
(court lacks jurisdiction to review claims not presented to the agency).
2 15-72998
In his opening brief, Solis-Lopez does not challenge the BIA’s findings that
his gang-related social groups were not cognizable. See Corro-Barragan v.
Holder, 718 F.3d 1174, 1177 n.5 (9th Cir. 2013) (failure to contest issue in opening
brief resulted in waiver).
Thus, Solis-Lopez’s asylum and withholding of removal claims fail.
In light of this disposition, we do not reach Solis-Lopez’s remaining
contentions regarding his asylum and withholding of removal claims. See
Simeonov v. Ashcroft, 371 F.3d 532, 538 (9th Cir. 2004) (courts and agencies are
not required to decide issues unnecessary to the results they reach).
Substantial evidence supports the agency’s denial of CAT relief because
Solis-Lopez failed to show it is more likely than not that he would be tortured by
or with the consent or acquiescence of the government if returned to Guatemala.
Garcia-Milian v.Holder, 755 F.3d 1026, 1033-35 (concluding that petitioner did
not establish the necessary state action for CAT relief); see also Delgado-Ortiz v.
Holder, 600 F.3d 1148, 1152 (9th Cir. 2010) (generalized evidence of violence and
crime in Mexico was not particular to the petitioner and insufficient to establish
eligibility for CAT relief).
PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED in part; DISMISSED in part.
3 15-72998