[Cite as In re J.W., 2020-Ohio-322.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
TWELFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO
BUTLER COUNTY
IN RE: :
J.W. : CASE NO. CA2019-07-108
: OPINION
2/3/2020
:
:
:
APPEAL FROM WARREN COUNTY COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
JUVENILE DIVISION
Case No. JN2018-0339
Michael T. Gmoser, Butler County Prosecuting Attorney, John C. Heinkel, Government
Services Center, 315 High Street, 11th Floor, Hamilton, Ohio 45011, for appellee
Dawn S. Garrett, 9435 Waterstone Boulevard, Suite 140, Cincinnati, Ohio 45249, for
appellant
Jamie Landvatter, 10 Journal Square, Suite 300, Hamilton Ohio 45011, guardian ad litem
for child
Jeannine Barbeau, P.O. Box 42324, Cincinnati, Ohio 45242, guardian ad litem for appellant
S. POWELL, J.
{¶ 1} Appellant, the mother of J.W. ("Mother"), appeals the decision of the Butler
County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, granting legal custody of J.W. to K.D.,
Butler CA2019-07-108
a nonrelative. For the reasons outlined below, we affirm the juvenile court's decision.
{¶ 2} On April 27, 2018, J.W. was removed from Mother's care by appellee, Butler
County Children Services ("BCCS"). The removal occurred after the police were dispatched
to K.D's home in reference to a disturbance.1 Upon their arrival, the police learned that
J.W. had been residing with K.D. for several months with Mother's approval, but that Mother
now wanted J.W. to be returned back home to her. J.W., however, advised the police that
she did not want to return home to Mother due to the unlivable and unsafe condition of
Mother's home. This included animal feces and trash strewn throughout Mother's home,
as well as a toilet laying in the middle of J.W.'s bedroom. The unlivable and unsafe
conditions of Mother's home were thereafter confirmed by police, thus prompting J.W.'s
removal from Mother's care.
{¶ 3} On April 30, 2018, BCCS established a safety plan that placed J.W. in K.D.'s
home, which BCCS found to be clean and uncluttered with plenty of food for J.W. and a
bed for J.W. to sleep. The safety plan was established by BCCS due to the condition of
Mother's home discussed above, as well as allegations that J.W. had suffered physical
harm while in Mother's care. This was in addition to BCCS' ongoing concerns regarding
Mother's mental health. These concerns manifested themselves in Mother's erratic and
animated behavior while meeting with BCCS shortly after J.W.'s removal from her care.
Specifically, as BCCS later stated in a social summary submitted to the juvenile court:
On 4/30/18, [BCCS] met with [Mother] at her residence * * *.
[Mother's] behavior was erratic and animated throughout this
entire home visit. She was pacing around and speaking very
loudly. At one point, she got down on her knees and prayed to
Jesus. She stated that [K.D.] was her fiancé. She stated she
gave her a ring and they were together. She denied ever living
with [K.D.]
1. The record indicates that BCCS had a history with Mother dating back to late 2004 that resulted in J.W
being placed in foster care due to Mother's neglect. BCCS had additional contact with Mother in 2009 and
2014 after it was alleged J.W. was being sexually abused while in Mother's care.
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{¶ 4} On September 28, 2018, Mother was arrested and charged with conspiring to
have K.D. murdered. As alleged in the indictment, the charges arose after Mother solicited
a person to commission a "hitman" to kill K.D. Four days later, on October 2, 2018, BCCS
filed a complaint with the juvenile court alleging J.W. was a dependent child. Later that day,
the juvenile court issued an emergency ex parte order placing J.W. in the temporary custody
of K.D. The juvenile court also ordered protective supervision of J.W. to BCCS and
appointed J.W. a guardian ad litem. The following day, October 3, 2018, a shelter care
hearing was held before a juvenile court magistrate. At the conclusion of this hearing, the
magistrate continued all prior orders and scheduled the matter for a pretrial hearing.
{¶ 5} On April 30, 2019, the magistrate held an adjudication hearing and
adjudicated J.W. a dependent child. During this hearing, the magistrate noted that Mother
had been involuntarily hospitalized as a result of her being found incompetent to stand trial
for conspiring to have K.D. murdered. After adjudicating J.W. a dependent child, the
magistrate then scheduled the matter for a dispositional hearing on May 22, 2019 with a
"fallback" date of June 11, 2019. The magistrate explained that this "fallback" date was
being placed on the docket "just in case" the dispositional hearing scheduled for May 22,
2019 could not proceed as scheduled due to a "bunch of emergency orders that come in."
{¶ 6} On May 22, 2019, the magistrate conducted the originally scheduled
dispositional hearing. During this hearing, Mother's trial counsel moved the magistrate to
continue the hearing to the "fallback" date so that Mother could attend the dispositional
hearing in person.2 Mother's trial counsel also moved the magistrate to continue the
dispositional hearing based on a letter counsel had received from Mother the previous day,
2. The record indicates that Mother did not attend the dispositional hearing due to her still being involuntarily
hospitalized.
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May 21, 2019. In this letter, Mother asked her trial counsel to contact a witness who Mother
believed would testify to having previously purchased drugs from K.D. Mother also alleged
that this witness, who Mother claimed was then serving time in the Butler County Jail, would
testify that K.D. had earlier provoked some unidentified man into committing suicide.
{¶ 7} When asked about Mother's allegations contained in this letter, Mother's trial
counsel had the following exchange with the magistrate:
[MOTHER'S TRIAL COUNSEL]: I think the allegation is that this
[witness] has bought drugs from the current custodian.
[MAGISTRATE]: Ah. And [Mother's] of the opinion that [the
witness] would come to court and then swear under oath that
she had been buying drugs from somebody.
[MOTHER'S TRIAL COUNSEL]: That would be my
understanding.
[MAGISTRATE]: Okay. But you don't know where [the witness]
is?
[MOTHER'S TRIAL COUNSEL]: I checked in the jail based on
that letter. Apparently [the witness is] not in the Butler County
Jail, so I don't know where, where she would be.
{¶ 8} Following this exchange, the magistrate heard arguments from BCCS and
J.W.'s guardian ad litem. Both BCCS and J.W.'s guardian ad litem agreed that it would be
in J.W.'s best interest to deny Mother's motion for a continuance and grant legal custody to
K.D. without any further delay. Specifically, as J.W.'s guardian ad litem stated:
I just really believe that it is in [J.W.'s] best interest to go ahead
and grant legal custody today. She wants to get out of
Middletown. She had to stop attending school, regular school
in Middletown and start doing online school, because she's
embarrassed because the kids in school all know what
happened with her family and she's… she was mortified and
had to stop attending regular school, and I think that it would be
in her best interest to be able to move to a different area with
[K.D.]
{¶ 9} The magistrate agreed. In reaching this decision, the magistrate stated:
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Okay. What I'm going to do, I'm going to deny the request to
delay this any further. I don't think there's any purpose in it. We
wouldn't transport mother from [the institution where she is
involuntarily hospitalized], and she's presented the Court with
her letter. Don't have any reason to believe that this person
would be locatable, or even if they would that it would be likely
they'd testify consistent with what mother is saying and come in
and incriminate themselves, which is essentially what they
would be doing.
{¶ 10} On June 4, 2019, Mother filed an objection to the magistrate's decision. In
support of her objection, Mother argued that the magistrate erred by finding it was in J.W.'s
best interest to grant legal custody of J.W. to K.D. Mother also argued that the magistrate
erred by denying her motion to continue the dispositional hearing until the "fallback" date,
June 11, 2019. Mother further moved the juvenile court for a transcript of the dispositional
hearing and requested the juvenile court hold a hearing on the matter.
{¶ 11} On June 6, 2019, the juvenile court issued a decision overruling Mother's
objection to the magistrate's decision in its entirety. The juvenile court issued this decision
without holding a hearing on Mother's objection as Mother requested. The juvenile court
also denied Mother's motion for a transcript of the dispositional hearing. In so holding, the
juvenile court specifically stated that it had conducted a "review of the record" prior to finding
Mother's objection to be "not well taken." Mother now appeals the juvenile court's decision,
raising three assignments of error for review.
{¶ 12} Assignment of Error No. 1:
{¶ 13} THE DENIAL OF A CONTINUANCE WAS AN ABUSE OF DISCRETION.
{¶ 14} In her first assignment of error, Mother argues the juvenile court erred and
abused its discretion by denying her motion to continue the dispositional hearing since there
was "already another hearing date set." However, contrary to Mother's claims, the juvenile
court had not already scheduled the dispositional hearing for another date. The juvenile
court had instead reserved a "fallback" date on its docket "just in case" the disposition
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hearing could not proceed as originally scheduled due to a "bunch of emergency orders
that come in." After hearing arguments from BCCS and J.W.'s guardian ad litem, the
juvenile court denied Mother's motion upon finding there was no reason to delay the matter
any further. As noted by the juvenile court, this was because "[w]e wouldn't transport
mother from [the institution where she is involuntarily hospitalized], and she's presented the
Court with her letter." We find no abuse of discretion in the juvenile court's decision.
Therefore, finding no error in the juvenile court's decision, Mother's first assignment of error
lacks merit and is overruled.
{¶ 15} Assignment of Error No. 2:
{¶ 16} THE DENIAL OF A TRANSCRIPT OR HEARING AND OVERRULING
MOTHER'S OBJECTIONS CONSTITUTES BOTH AN ERROR AND AN ABUSE OF
DISCRETION.
{¶ 17} In her second assignment of error, Mother argues the juvenile erred by failing
to conduct a full review of the record prior to issuing its decision overruling her objection to
the magistrate's decision. Mother supports this claim by arguing that since the juvenile
court denied her motion for a transcript of the dispositional hearing that it was impossible
for the juvenile court to conduct a full review of the record. However, simply because the
juvenile court denied Mother's motion for a transcript in no way indicates the juvenile court
did not conduct a full and thorough review of that hearing via some other means. Juv.R.
40(C)(7) requires "all proceedings before a magistrate shall be recorded in accordance with
procedures established by the court." This would include the dispositional hearing Mother
claims the juvenile court failed to review. Therefore, because there is nothing in the record
to indicate the juvenile court did not conduct a full review of the record prior to issuing its
decision, Mother's argument claiming the juvenile court failed to conduct such a review
lacks merit.
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{¶ 18} Also lacking merit is Mother's argument claiming the juvenile court erred by
failing to conduct a hearing prior to issuing its decision overruling her objection to the
magistrate's decision. It is well established that a juvenile court is generally not required to
hold a hearing prior to ruling on a party's objections to a magistrate's decision. In re T.L.C.,
12th Dist. Butler No. CA2014-01-008, 2014-Ohio-3995, ¶ 31, citing Juv.R. 40(D)(4)(d). The
only time a juvenile court is required to hold a hearing and hear additional evidence is where
the "objecting party demonstrates that the party could not, with reasonable diligence, have
produced that evidence for consideration by the magistrate." Juv.R. 40(D)(4)(d). The fact
that Mother believes there are "serious concerns" regarding K.D.'s fitness to serve as J.W.'s
legal custodian falls well short of what is needed to force the juvenile court to hold a hearing.
Therefore, finding no merit to either of Mother's arguments raised herein, Mother's second
assignment of error is overruled.
{¶ 19} Assignment of Error No. 3:
{¶ 20} THE GRANTING OF LEGAL CUSTODY WAS CONTRARY TO THE
MANIFEST WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE AND NOT SUPPORTED BY SUFFICIENT
EVIDENCE.
{¶ 21} In her third assignment of error, Mother argues the juvenile court's decision
granting legal custody of J.W. to K.D. was not supported by sufficient evidence and was
against the manifest weight of the evidence. We disagree.
{¶ 22} A juvenile court "may award legal custody to a nonparent upon a
demonstration by a preponderance of the evidence that granting legal custody to the
nonparent is in the child's best interest." In re C.A., 12th Dist. Butler No. CA2014-07-165,
2015-Ohio-1410, ¶ 13. Similarly, "[w]here an award of custody is supported by a substantial
amount of credible and competent evidence, such an award will not be reversed as being
against the weight of the evidence by a reviewing court." In re T.M., 12th Dist. Butler No.
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CA2007-01-019, 2007-Ohio-6034, ¶ 28, citing Davis v. Flickinger, 77 Ohio St.3d 415, 418
(1997). The presumption in weighing the evidence is in favor of the finder of fact, which we
are especially mindful of in custody cases. In re C.Y., 12th Dist. Butler Nos. CA2014-11-
231 and CA2014-11-236 thru CA2014-11-238, 2015-Ohio-1343, ¶ 25. Therefore, "'[i]f the
evidence is susceptible to more than one construction, the reviewing court is bound to give
it that interpretation which is consistent with the verdict and judgment, most favorable to
sustaining the verdict and judgment.'" In re A.B., 12th Dist. Brown No. CA2016-11-021,
2017-Ohio-5776, ¶ 13, quoting Eastley v. Volkman, 132 Ohio St.3d 328, 2012-Ohio-2179,
¶ 21.
{¶ 23} The juvenile court enjoys broad discretion in custody proceedings. In re
E.L.C., 12th Dist. Butler No. CA2014-09-177, 2015-Ohio-2220, ¶ 16. The standard of
review in custody decisions is whether the juvenile court abused its discretion. C.D. v. D.L.,
12th Dist. Fayette No. CA2006-09-037, 2007-Ohio-2559, ¶ 14. An abuse of discretion
implies that the trial court's attitude was unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable.
Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 219 (1983). "The discretion that a trial court
enjoys in custody matters should be accorded the utmost respect, given the nature of the
proceeding and the impact the court's determination will have on the lives of the parties
concerned." In re A.B., 2017-Ohio-5776 at ¶ 12, citing In re C.A., 2015-Ohio-1410 at ¶ 15.
A reviewing court must not substitute its judgment for that of the juvenile court when
applying the abuse of discretion standard. Morrison v. Robinson, 12th Dist. Fayette No.
CA2012-06-019, 2013-Ohio-453, ¶ 26.
{¶ 24} Mother claims the trial court erred by granting legal custody of J.W. to K.D.
due to there being "serious concerns" regarding J.W.'s schooling and mental health
treatment while in K.D.'s care. This is in addition to Mother's "serious concerns" that "a
witness had purchased drugs" from K.D. and K.D. having "driven a man to commit suicide."
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But, as the record indicates, the juvenile court took all of this into consideration when issuing
its decision finding it was in J.W.'s best interest to grant legal custody of J.W. to K.D. A
review of the record, including the transcript of the disposition hearing prepared and filed
with the juvenile court for purposes of this appeal, fully supports the juvenile court's
decision. J.W.'s best interest is the paramount concern for both the juvenile court and this
court on appeal. Considering J.W. reports being happy and comfortable in her placement
with K.D., the juvenile court's decision granting legal custody of J.W. to K.D. serves J.W.'s
best interests. Therefore, because the juvenile court's decision granting legal custody of
J.W. to K.D. was supported by sufficient evidence and not against the manifest weight of
the evidence, Mother's third assignment of error lacks merit and is overruled.
{¶ 25} Judgment affirmed.
M. POWELL, P.J., and RINGLAND, J., concur.
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In re J.W.
Combined Opinion