Case: 19-12257 Date Filed: 03/12/2020 Page: 1 of 4
[DO NOT PUBLISH]
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
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No. 19-12257
Non-Argument Calendar
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D.C. Docket No. 9:17-cv-80213-KAM
MT. HAWLEY INSURANCE COMPANY,
Plaintiff - Counter Defendant - Appellant,
versus
ARTHUR R. ROEBUCK, III,
PATRICIA R. SWINDLE,
Trustee, d.b.a. Jupiter West Plaza,
SCRIBE ENTERPRISES, INC.,
d.b.a. Jupiter West Plaza,
RIVIERA TRADING AND MARKETING, INC.,
d.b.a. Jupiter West Plaza,
Defendants - Counter Claimants - Appellees,
LESLIE J. FRYE, II,
Defendant - Appellee.
Case: 19-12257 Date Filed: 03/12/2020 Page: 2 of 4
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Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Southern District of Florida
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(March 12, 2020)
Before ED CARNES, Chief Judge, WILSON, and ANDERSON, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
Mt. Hawley Insurance Company appeals the district court’s grant of partial
summary judgment to Arthur Roebuck, Patricia Swindle, Scribe Enterprises, Inc.,
and Riviera Trading and Marketing, Inc. Mt. Hawley provided all of them with an
insurance policy on a shopping center that they jointly owned. After the insureds
were sued by a man who was stabbed in the parking lot of their shopping center,
Mt. Hawley initiated this declaratory action asking the district court to hold that it
did not have to defend or indemnify them in the underlying lawsuit. Mt. Hawley
and the insureds filed cross-motions for summary judgment.
Mt. Hawley argues that it had no duty to defend because the underlying
claims fall under an endorsement to the policy, and the endorsement requires the
insureds to meet conditions precedent to receive coverage. Because it is
undisputed that they did not meet the conditions precedent, Mt. Hawley argues, it
owes no duty to defend. The defendants argue that the endorsement does not
apply.
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The district court found that, under Florida law,1 a duty to defend “depends
solely on the facts and legal theories alleged in the pleadings and claims against the
insured.” Dist. Ct. Order at 18 (April 12, 2019) (quoting Stephens v. Mid-
Continent Cas. Co., 749 F.3d 1318, 1323 (11th Cir. 2014)). And it found that “an
insurer is obligated to defend a claim even if it is uncertain whether coverage exists
under the policy.” Id. Finally, the court found that it was unclear from the
underlying complaint — that is, the complaint that the man who was stabbed made
against the insureds — whether those claims triggered the endorsement requiring
the conditions precedent, which would mean coverage did not exist, or whether the
claims fell under the regular personal injury policy, which would mean coverage
did exist. Because it was uncertain whether coverage existed under the policy, the
court granted the insured’s motion for partial summary judgment and held that Mt.
Hawley had a continuing duty to defend. 2
Mt. Hawley appeals, asserting the same arguments that it did below. After a
de novo review, see Whatley v. CNA Ins. Cos., 189 F.3d 1310, 1313 (11th Cir.
1999), we agree with the district court that it is unclear whether, based on the facts
1
It is undisputed that Florida law controls.
2
The district court also found that it would be premature to decide whether Mt. Hawley
had a duty to indemnify the insureds until after the underlying claims were finally resolved. It
ordered the case closed for administrative purposes and instructed the parties to move to reopen
the case “when the issue of a duty to indemnify becomes ripe.” Mt. Hawley does not contest that
part of the decision.
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alleged in the underlying complaint, coverage exists. We therefore affirm based on
the well-reasoned opinion of the district court.
AFFIRMED.
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