United States Court of Appeals
Fifth Circuit
F I L E D
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT October 5, 2006
Charles R. Fulbruge III
No. 06-20074 Clerk
Conference Calendar
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
versus
GREGORY HOLDEN, also known as Doug,
Defendant-Appellant.
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Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Southern District of Texas
USDC No. 4:05-CR-231-2
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Before JONES, Chief Judge, and SMITH and STEWART, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
Appealing the Judgment in a Criminal Case, Gregory Holden
raises arguments that are foreclosed by United States v.
Robinson, 119 F.3d 1205, 1208, 1215 (5th Cir. 1997), which held
that in Hobbs Act prosecutions based on local activities that
affect interstate commerce, the Government need not prove that
the effect of an individual defendant’s conduct was substantial
so long as the regulated activity, in the aggregate, could
reasonably be thought to substantially affect interstate
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that
this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except
under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.
No. 06-20074
-2-
commerce. The Government’s motion for summary affirmance is
GRANTED, and the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.