NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court ." Although it is posted on the
internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-2851-18T2
RAMIL ROBINSON,
a/k/a TAVION SMITH,
LANELL MADISON,
RAMEL ROBINSON,
RAMEAL ROBINSON,
RAMEAL ROGERSON,
and MIL,
Appellant,
v.
NEW JERSEY
DEPARTMENT
OF CORRECTIONS,
Respondent.
__________________________
Submitted November 9, 2020 – Decided December 15, 2020
Before Judges Hoffman and Suter.
On appeal from the New Jersey Department of
Corrections.
Ramil Robinson, appellant pro se.
Gurbir S. Grewal, Attorney General, attorney for
respondent (Jane C. Schuster, Assistant Attorney
General, of counsel; Chanell Branch, Deputy Attorney
General, on the brief).
PER CURIAM
Appellant Ramil Robinson is an inmate in a New Jersey State Prison. He
appeals a January 18, 2019 decision of respondent New Jersey Department of
Corrections (Department) upholding the decision of a hearing officer to impose
disciplinary sanctions for committing prohibited act *.011, possession or
exhibition of anything related to a security threat group (STG) in violation of
N.J.A.C. 10A:4-4.1(a). We affirm.
On January 14, 2019, a non-routine search of appellant's cell yielded a
notebook located behind his television and a folder on his shelf that included
typed letters with references, symbols and logos of the "Five Percent Nation."
This is a group the Department identifies as a STG. 1
Appellant was charged with prohibited act *.011. N.J.A.C. 10A:4-
4.1(a)(2)(ii). He pleaded guilty. His statement concerning the charge was that
1
A security threat group "means a group of inmates possessing common
characteristics, interests and goals which serve to distinguish the group or group
members from other inmate groups or other inmates and which, as a discrete
entity, poses a threat to the safety of the staff, other inmates, the community or
causes damage to or destruction of property, or interrupts the safe, secure and
orderly operation of the correctional facilit(ies)." N.J.A.C. 10A:3-11.2.
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2
the materials were about his religion and that a religion was not a STG. He
declined to have counsel substitute provide assistance at the disciplinary
hearing.
A disciplinary hearing was conducted. Appellant's statement there was
that the materials were his, but that he did not teach disobedience. An
investigator in the Department's Special Investigation Division (SID)
determined the materials were related to the Five Percent Nation. Appellant did
not call witnesses or request to cross-examine any adverse witnesses.
On January 16, 2019, the hearing officer determined appellant was guilty
of prohibited act *.011, finding the materials that were confiscated related to the
Five Percent Nation and were "identified as being STG material." This was
"[b]ased on the professional identification of the STG and [appellant] taking
responsibility for the written/printed material . . . ." The hearing officer found
appellant was jeopardizing the safety of the institution by not following the rules
and regulations.
Appellant was sanctioned to 100 days of administrative segregation,
twenty days' loss of recreation privileges and ten days' loss of phone privileges.
He filed an administrative appeal arguing that the "sanctions imposed be
rescinded based on his [c]onstitutional right to religious freedom ."
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On January 18, 2019, the Associate Administrator upheld the decision of
the hearing officer and the sanction because "[t]he material found in [appellant's]
possession was identified as belonging to a security threat group. There are well
established rules that prohibit possession of this material." The decision upheld
the charge and sanction, noting this was not appellant's first violation of this
regulation.
On appeal, appellant raises two issues:
POINT 1:
PLAINTIFF WAS DENIED DUE PROCESS
PROTECTIONS THROUGH INEFFECTIVE
ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL DURING A PRISON
DISCIPLINARY HEARING WHEN HIS ASSIGNED
COUNSEL SUBSTITITE DID NOT RAISE
RELIGIOUS LAND USE AND
INSTITUTIONALIZED PERSONS ACT OF 2000
(RLUIPA) IN HIS DEFENSE.
POINT 2:
THE RESPONDENT DEPARTMENT OF
CORRECTION'S COURTLINE ADJUDUCATION
ERRED WHEN IT FAILED TO TAKE THE RLUIPA
INTO ACCOUNT.
In this appeal from agency action, our review is limited. Figueroa v. N.J.
Dep't of Corr., 414 N.J. Super. 186, 190 (App. Div. 2010). We ordinarily decline
to reverse the decision of an administrative agency unless it is "arbitrary,
A-2851-18T2
4
capricious or unreasonable or it is not supported by substantial credible evidence
in the record as a whole." In re Taylor, 158 N.J. 644, 657 (1999) (quoting Henry
v. Rahway State Prison, 81 N.J. 571, 581 (1980)). A finding that an inmate
committed a disciplinary offense only has to be "supported by substantial
evidence," Avant v. Clifford, 67 N.J. 496, 530 (1975), which means, "such
evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a
conclusion." Figueroa, 414 N.J. Super. at 192 (quoting In re Pub. Serv. Elec. &
Gas Co., 35 N.J. 358, 376 (1961)); see also N.J.A.C. 10A:4-9.15(a). When such
evidence exists, a court may not substitute its own judgment for the agency's
even though the court may have reached a different result. See Figueroa, 414
N.J. Super. at 191 (citing Circus Liquors, Inc. v. Middletown Twp., 199 N.J. 1,
10 (2009)). When reviewing a final determination of the Department in a
prisoner disciplinary matter, we consider whether there is substantial evidence
the inmate has committed the prohibited act and whether, in making its decision,
the Department followed the regulations adopted to afford inmates procedural
due process. See McDonald v. Pinchak, 139 N.J. 188, 194-98 (1995).
Appellant's due process rights under Avant were satisfied. 67 N.J. at 525-
33. Appellant was given notice of the charges and a hearing before an impartial
tribunal. N.J.A.C. 10A:4-9.2. Because he was charged with an asterisk offense,
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5
he was permitted to have the assistance of counsel substitute, although he
declined the assistance of the paralegal and represented himself at the hearing.
N.J.A.C. 10A:4-9.12.
Appellant claims his paralegal provided ineffective assistance by not
raising an argument that confiscation of the materials violated the Religious
Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA). 42 U.S.C. §2000cc. The
hearing officer's report provided that appellant "did not wish to have a
paralegal." He has no claim for ineffective assistance for his own self-
representation.
That said, the Department's decision was not arbitrary, capricious or
unreasonable and is supported by substantial evidence in the record. The
Department has designated the Five Percent Nation as an STG based on its
history of violence and gang-related activity within prisons. Fraise v. Terhune,
283 F.3d 506, 516-18 (3d Cir. 2002). There was evidence submitted by the SID
investigator that the materials found in appellant's cell included symbols and
reference to the Five Percent Nation, that the group is an STG and that an STG
is a threat to the safety of the prison. Appellant was aware that possession of
Five Percent Nation materials were prohibited because he previously received
administrative discipline for a *.011 charge based on possession of Five Percent
A-2851-18T2
6
Nation materials. Appellant admitted the materials found were his and were
Five Percent Nation material. Appellant acknowledged in his brief on appeal
that in March 1998, the Department determined the Five Percent Nation to be a
STG. Thus, there was substantial credible evidence to support the finding that
appellant violated *011.
Appellant argues the confiscated materials were religious in nature. He
offered no proof of this. Appellant now argues that confiscation of these
materials violated the RLUIPA. This was not raised before the Hearing Officer.
We are not required to decide issues that were not raised. See State v. Galicia,
210 N.J. 364, 382 (2012) (stating that "[g]enerally, an appellate court will not
consider issues . . . which were not raised below.").
We conclude that appellant's further arguments are without sufficient
merit to warrant discussion in a written opinion. R. 2:11-3(e)(1)(E).
Affirmed.
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