The opinion of the court was delivered by
Scott, J.The complaint in this action was in the ordinary form to foreclose a chattel mortgage and to recover upon a promissory note for $500, which the mortgage was given to secure. The answer admitted the execution of the note and mortgage, but alleged a want of consideration; and by way of a cross-complaint the defendant alleged that, on the same day *650but prior to the execution of the note and mortgage aforesaid, the defendant had given the plaintiff another note for $478, secured also by a chattel mortgage upon the same property. It was conceded that this mortgage was valid. It appears that the defendant at that time was engaged in the mercantile business and one of his creditors was pressing him for payment of a debt due, and he obtained the money for which the last mentioned note and mortgage were given for the purpose of discharging it. It is further alleged in substance that thereafter on said day the plaintiff represented to the defendant that he was in danger of being prosecuted by other creditors, and he advised the defendant to give him another note and a mortgage upon the same property for the purpose of protecting him against such creditors, and agreed that he would never undertake to enforce the same and would surrender it to him when his other creditors were paid, or he was relieved from danger of being proceeded against by them. The court after-wards permitted the answer to be amended upon the trial, to set up in substance that thereafter, upon like representations, the defendant also executed to the plaintiff two real estate mortgages upon lands in Skagit county. The payment of a certain sum on the note secured by the mortgage admitted to have been given for a valuable consideration was pleaded, and also a tender of a sufficient sum to discharge the same; and the defendant asked that all of such mortgages be canceled. Judgment was rendered in favor of the defendant upon his .cross-complaint, and the plaintiff has appealed.
It is contended that the court had no authority to grant the defendant any affirmative relief; not on the ground that such relief could not be granted in the *651action pending, as having no sufficient relation thereto, but on the ground that the proof did not support the findings and that the testimony showed that the defendant had given the chattel mortgage sought to be foreclosed and the real estate mortgages for the purpose of covering up his property and defrauding his creditors; that the parties were in pari delicto, and that, under this view of the.case, the most the court could have done was to have dismissed the plaintiff’s complaint.
It appears from the testimony that the parties were brothers, and that they were born in Norway; that plaintiff had resided in this country for a great many years and was well educated, understood the English language and had had large experience in business affairs; while the defendant had resided here for a much shorter time and had a very limited education and an imperfect understanding of the English language and of business matters, and that he had always relied upon his brother, the plaintiff, and had confidence in his honesty, integrity and business ability. And, while the general rule contended for by appellant is conceded, it is contended that this case does not fall within it, as the parties were not equal in guilt, and the defendant is the more excusable of the two, if found to have been consciously guilty at all, and that the law will not deny him relief against the one who unduly influenced and imposed upon him and was principally responsible for the fraudulent undertaking. This limitation of the rule is well established by the authorities, and has been directly recognized by this court in the case of Rozell v. Van Syckle, 11 Wash. 79 (39 Pac. 270). It does not appear that there was any intention on the part of the defendant to defraud his creditors. The only money that he *652obtained from his brother was obtained for the purpose of paying one of them, and was used for that purpose. There was no evidence to show that any of his other creditors were pressing him for payment, and the court was warranted in finding that he was induced to give the mortgages upon the representations, influence and advice of the plaintiff; and there was sufficient proof to support the other findings.
Affirmed.
Dunbar, Anders, and Gordon, JJ., concur.