United States Court of Appeals
Fifth Circuit
F I L E D
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT February 7, 2007
Charles R. Fulbruge III
Clerk
No. 06-40810
Conference Calendar
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
versus
JUAN RAMON VILLANUEVA-MACHADO, also known as Juan Ramon
Villanueva,
Defendant-Appellant.
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Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Southern District of Texas
USDC No. 1:06-CR-73
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Before REAVLEY, JOLLY, and BENAVIDES, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
Appealing the Judgment in a Criminal Case, Juan Ramon
Villanueva-Machado raises arguments that are foreclosed by
Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 235 (1998),
which held that 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b)(2) is a penalty provision and
not a separate criminal offense. The Government’s motion for
summary affirmance is GRANTED, and the judgment of the district
court is AFFIRMED.
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that
this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except
under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.