delivered the opinion of the Court.
The statute upon which this writ of review was sued out, permits reviews as of right in certain cases, and upon certain restrictions. The first section authorizes a review, where a verdict may be found for the plaintiff in the Common Pleas, and on appeal, for the defendant ; or for the plaintiff for a less sum than twenty dollars, in all actions thereafter to be commenced. The second section provides, that in all actions in the Supreme Judicial Court, where a verdict has been, or may be rendered in favor of the defendant in the Court of Common Pleas, and on appeal a verdict has been, or may be found for the plaintiff, the defendant shall be entitled to a review of said action. A review in favor of the plaintiff, is limited to actions to be commenced, after the passage of the act. A review on the part of the defendant, has no such limitation. Why this distinction was made in favor of defendants, it is not easy to-perceive. 'If it was introduced to embrace a particular case, this design was probably not made known to the legislature; as it is not to be presumed they would favor such an object in a general law;, more especially as the Supreme Judicial Court had before full power to grant reviews, wherever they would tend to the furtherance of justice. But from whatever cause the distinction originated, there is no reason for extending it beyond what the statute plainly requires. Prior to the passage of the act, the suit now sought to be reviewed, after two trials in different courts, had finally terminated, and judgment had been rendered, in the court of appellate jurisdiction. It was no longer pending in any court. Laws are made to operate prospectively. Where they introduce new rules and principles, they are intended to apply to the future, not to the past.