State v. Gray

[Cite as State v. Gray, 2021-Ohio-3670.]
COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO

EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA

STATE OF OHIO, :

Plaintiff-Appellee, :
No. 110283
v. :

RAMON GRAY, :

Defendant-Appellant. :

JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION

JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: October 14, 2021

Criminal Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
Case No. CR-08-507759-A

Appearances:

Michael C. O’Malley, Cuyahoga County Prosecuting
Attorney, and Anthony T. Miranda, Assistant Prosecuting
Attorney, for appellee.

G. Michael Goins, for appellant.

ANITA LASTER MAYS, P.J.:

Defendant-appellant Ramon Gray (“Gray”) appeals the trial court’s

decision denying Gray’s motion for leave to file a motion for new trial. We affirm

the trial court’s decision.
 In 2008, Gray was convicted of two counts of aggravated murder, in

violation of R.C. 2903.01(A), and one count of having weapons while under

disability, in violation of R.C. 2923.13(A)(3). At the end of the jury trial, Gray was

sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole.

I. Facts and Procedural History

On January 11, 2007, Andre Parker (“Andre”) and Willie Deloach

(“Deloach”) were shot and killed in a parking lot of a night club in the city of

Cleveland. Deloach was found lying on the ground in the parking lot, and Andre was

found inside a vehicle. Several people testified that they observed several men

fighting before the shooting. Eddie Parker (“Eddie”), Andre’s brother, testified that

he saw Rufus Gray (“Rufus”), the brother of Gray, fighting with Deloach and Gray

pulling a weapon. As Eddie ran for help, he heard gunshots. Eddie testified that he

saw Gray, with his hand on top of the car, aiming the gun in the car and shooting at

Andre. “The coroner also determined that both men had been shot with the same

weapon.” State v. Gray, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 92303, 2010-Ohio-240, ¶ 4.

(“Gray I”).

The Cleveland police matched the fingerprints from the top of the car

to Gray. Another witness, who called 911, stated that they observed a gray Trofeo

heading westbound from the shooting location. Shardae Hancock testified that she

gave her gray Oldsmobile Trofeo to Gray.

“The police arrested [Gray] in February 2008. After his arrest, Eddie

identified [Gray] in a physical line-up at police headquarters as the man who shot
his brother.” Id. at ¶ 8. Gray was tried and convicted of two counts of aggravated

murder. During the mitigation phase, Gray declined to provide any facts about the

incident and asked the jury to spare his life. He received a life sentence without the

possibility of parole and filed an appeal with this court.

In Gray I, Gray assigned several errors for this court to review. The

court affirmed Gray’s convictions. On January 21, 2014, Gray filed a petition for

postconviction relief. The trial court denied Gray’s petition stating that the motion

was untimely and barred by res judicata. Judgment entry No. 82891520 (Feb. 6,

2014).

In 2017, Gray filed a motion for leave to file delayed motion for new

trial pursuant to Crim.R. 33(A)(6). In that motion, Gray argued that he was

unavoidably prevented from discovering new evidence. Gray argues that at the time

Andre and Deloach were killed, he was fighting with Curtis Davis (“Davis”).1 He

furthered argued that he did not know the name of the man he was fighting with so

he could not call him as an alibi witness at his trial. On March 27, 2018, the trial

court conducted a hearing on the motion, and on June 5, 2018, the trial court denied

Gray’s motion.

Gray filed an appeal in State v. Gray, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 107394,

2019-Ohio-1638 (“Gray II”), arguing that the trial court erred when it denied his

motion for leave to file a motion for a new trial. This court affirmed the trial court’s

1 Gray met Davis in a prison library at the Lake Erie Correctional Institution where
they were both incarcerated.
decision, stating, Gray “had to establish, by clear and convincing evidence, that he

was unavoidably prevented from discovering the new evidence as a predicate for

obtaining leave to file a new trial.” Id. at ¶ 13. The court continued, stating, “even

assuming [Gray] established he was unavoidably prevented from discovering the

name of Davis, [Gray’s] motion for leave was not filed within a reasonable time after

he learned of the new evidence.” Id. at ¶ 17.

In April 2020, Gray filed another motion for leave to file a motion for

a new trial. On January 12, 2021, the trial court denied Gray’s motion stating,

Defendant’s motion for leave to file motion for new trial filed
4/20/2020 is denied. On 6/5/2018, after having considered the
arguments made in defendant’s motion for leave to file delayed
motion for new trial, the state of Ohio’s brief in opposition, and having
held a hearing on such motion, this court denied the motion for leave,
subsequently, this court’s ruling was affirmed by the 8th District
Court of Appeals on 5/02/2019. Further, by entry dated 8/5/2019,
the Ohio Supreme Court declined to accept jurisdiction of appeal.
This court has already made its finding pursuant to Crim.R. 33. The
evidence is not newly discovered, defendant was not unavoidably
prevented from discovering the information and finally, the
defendant’s claims are barred by the doctrine of res judicata.

Judgment entry No. 115694897 (Jan. 13, 2021).

In response to the trial court’s denial of Gray’s motion for leave to file

motion for new trial, Gray filed this appeal assigning three errors for our review:

I. The trial court abused its discretion and violated appellant’s
due process rights, when it denied appellant’s motion for leave,
finding appellant failed to show by clear and convincing
evidence he was unavoidably prevented from discovering the
evidence that appellant introduced in his motion for new trial
when the evidence on its face demonstrated such
unavoidableness;
 II. The trial court abused its discretion when it denied appellant’s
motion for leave to file a motion for new trial without
conducting an evidentiary hearing, as appellant submitted
documentation that on its face supported appellant’s claim that
he was unavoidably prevented from discovering said evidence
earlier; and

III. The trial court abused its discretion when it ruled appellant’s
4/20/2020 motion for leave to file a motion for new trial was
barred by the doctrine of res judicata.

We would like to note that Gray’s arguments are identical to the

arguments in Gray II. In Gray II, this court ruled that “the trial court’s denial of his

motion for leave to file a motion for new trial was not an abuse of discretion.” Id. at

¶ 18. Because Gray’s first assignment of error is dispositive of the appeal and barred

by res judicata, we decline to address the remaining assignments of error.

App.R. 16(A).

II. Motion for Leave and Res Judicata

A. Standard of Review

Motions for a new trial under Crim.R. 33(B) based on “newly

discovered evidence shall be filed within one hundred twenty days after the day upon

which the verdict was rendered, or the decision of the court where trial by jury has

been waived.” Additionally, “[i]f it is made to appear by clear and convincing proof

that the defendant was unavoidably prevented from the discovery of the evidence

upon which he must rely, such motion shall be filed within seven days from an order

of the court finding that he was unavoidably prevented from discovering the

evidence within the one hundred twenty day period.” Id. This court reviews the
denial of a motion for leave to file a delayed motion for new trial for an abuse of

discretion. State v. Dues, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 105388, 2017-Ohio-6983, ¶ 11. An

abuse of discretion is not simply an error of law or judgment; it implies the court’s

attitude is unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable. State v. Yates, 8th Dist.

Cuyahoga No. 96664, 2011-Ohio-4962, ¶ 5.

B. Law and Analysis

Because the arguments Gray makes in this appeal were previously

considered and rejected in his prior appeal, the doctrine of res judicata applies.

State v. Shabazz, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 100623, 2014-Ohio-3142, ¶ 13. “Res

judicata bars any claim for postconviction relief that the petitioner raised or could

have raised on direct appeal.” Id., citing State v. Lentz, 70 Ohio St.3d 527, 639

N.E.2d 784 (1994), syllabus. “‘In order to overcome the res judicata bar, the

petitioner must show, through the use of extrinsic evidence, that he or she could not

have appealed the original constitutional claim based on the information in the

original trial record.’” State v. Cody, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 102213, 2015-Ohio-

2764, ¶ 16, quoting State v. Combs, 100 Ohio App.3d 90, 97-98, 652 N.E.2d 205

(1st Dist.1994).

Gray has not demonstrated that he was unavoidably prevented from

discovering Davis’s name. According to the affidavit that Gray submitted in Gray

II,

while [Gray] was serving time at Lake Erie Correctional Institution,
Davis began serving a ten-year sentence at the same facility in late
2015. Davis approached [Gray] and indicated he was the fourth man
 who fought with [Gray] on the day of the murders. Davis’s affidavit
depicts the same facts as those presented above. Davis did not offer an
alibi for [Gray] at trial due to his fear of being shot or beat up by Eddie
Parker. Davis now avers that [Gray] did not have a weapon on the
night in question and [Gray] did not shoot Andre Parker or Willie
DeLoach; [Gray] was with Davis on East 142nd when those
individuals were shot. Davis kept a low profile to avoid any
encounters with the police or Eddie Parker and, as a result, it would
have been difficult to locate Davis following the shootings.

Id. at ¶ 7.

Akin to the decision in Gray II, we agree that

even assuming [Gray] established he was unavoidably prevented from
discovering the name of Davis, [Gray’s] motion for leave was not filed
within a reasonable time after he learned of the new evidence. Davis
was transferred to the Lake Erie Correctional Institution in late 2015.
Davis’s affidavit was not obtained until December 2017. The lapse of
two years is outside a reasonable timeframe.

Id. at ¶ 17.

Gray also argued that his brother, Rufus, confessed to shooting both

men. Although Gray previously argued this point, he now contends that it qualifies

as new evidence because Rufus did not previously admit to shooting the men, but

rather that he just shot the gun in the air. Rufus was also tried for the murders and

found not guilty because only Gray’s fingerprints were found on the gun and a

witness saw Gray shoot one of the men. Also, during the trial it was determined that

both men were shot by the same gun. However, we recognize that at Gray’s trial,

Rufus did not testify even though he was not barred by the Fifth Amendment to the

U.S. Constitution right against self-incrimination. Additionally, the aforementioned

information was presented in the 2017 affidavit, and therefore, not deemed as new
evidence. Finally, the affidavit of the female witness stating that Rufus confessed to

her that he was the shooter is also not new evidence because it is just reiterating

Rufus’s statement. Therefore, her statement is also barred by res judicata, as these

arguments were raised or should have been raised previously.

We overrule Gray’s argument, determine that it is barred by res

judicata, and find that the trial court did not abuse its discretion when it denied

Gray’s motion for leave to file a motion for new trial. We decline to address the

remaining assignments of error.

Judgment affirmed.

It is ordered that appellee recover from appellant costs herein taxed.

The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the

common pleas court to carry this judgment into execution.
 A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to

Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.

______________________________________
ANITA LASTER MAYS, PRESIDING JUDGE

LARRY A. JONES, SR.*, J., and
MARY EILEEN KILBANE, J., CONCUR

* Judge Larry A. Jones, Sr., concurred in this Journal Entry and Opinion prior to
his death on October 7, 2021.

(The Ohio Constitution requires the concurrence of at least two judges when
rendering a decision of a court of appeals. Therefore, this announcement of decision
is in compliance with constitutional requirements. See State v. Pembaur (1982), 69
Ohio St.2d 110.)