delivered tbe opinion of tbe court,
Cují - MINS, J., concurring.Tbis cause was tried in tbe district court, and judgment rendered for the plaintiff. Before going into tbe trial, tbe defendant filed bis motion for a continuance on tbe ground of tbe absence of material testimony, supporting tbe motion by bis affidavit setting forth tbe grounds, and it having been-overruled tbe plaintiff took exceptions thereto. After tbe trial tbe plaintiff moved for a new trial, and upon tbis motion used the same affidavit as in tbe former one, alleging error in tbe first ruling; and it having been overruled, plaintiff took bis exception and brings tbe ease into tbis court, and assigns as error:
1. That the court below erred in refusing to grant tbe continuance asked for.
2. That tbe court below erred in denying tbe motion for a new trial.
Tbe case is one of considerable importance in practice, and we desire to settle tbe point upon its merits. An application for a continuance is one addressed to tbe discretion of tbe court before which it is made. By tbis it is not meant an arbitrary discretion, controlled by caprice or whim, but a sound and impartial discretion, which should be supported by all tbe facts and circumstances appertaining to tbe case. It belongs to that class of applications which can not in tbe nature of things, be defined with such accuracy and certainty as is attainable in other cases; and hence, while there is some approximation to rules in matters of discretion, it is only an approximation, and nothing more; and hence, courts of review have uniformly refused, to disturb a ruling on such questions unless it is shown that tbe discretion was abused and tbe ruling arbitrary.
In tbis case tbe affidavit is in tbe usual form, and if there was nothing in tbe circumstances surrounding tbe whole *166case to rebut the showing, it is presumed the application named would have been granted. We think, however, that the affidavit, while sufficiently broad in its affirmations to entitle it to be regarded favorably, was nevertheless weak in some of its particulars. It states that the defendant could not proceed to trial on account of the absence of Bob-inson; states the materiality of his testimony, and that the defendant expects to be able by the next term to obtain it. While this is all uncontroverted, and would seem to authorize a continuance, its form is much weakened by the admitted fact that the absent witness is in the Atlantic states somewhere; that although he has been written to frequently at his supposititious .residence, no response has ever been received, and that nothing like positive information of his ■whereabouts exists. To say, under such circumstances, that there was any reasonable probability of obtaining his testimony by another term would be trusting greatly to chance, and if a party’s conscience, under these facts, were sufficiently elastic to swear to his expectations, it would only furnish an additional reason for scrutinizing the affidavit with greater vigilance. It is for the reason that an affidavit may comply formally with all the requirements of the statute, and yet when all the facts known to the judge are considered with it no proper showing is made, that a judge may still overrule it in the exercise of a sound discretion. If it were a matter of right, whenever an applicant brought himself within the rule by the terms of his affidavit, the court would be bound to grant his application. But it is a matter of sound discretion; the judge may and should consider not only the affidavit, but the whole case, and with a view to substantial justice, grant or deny the motion. No more delicate or responsible duty devolves upon judges than this, and their decisions are sustained, unless it appear that they are harsh and arbitrary.
I see nothing in this case to show that the denial was not in the exercise of a sound and wise discretion. As the errors assigned rest on this one point, the above is sufficient to dispose of the case.
Judgment affirmed.