Complaint in ejectment. After the usual denials, and a plea of the Statute of Limitations, the defendants, “for a further and separate answer, by way of cross-complaint,” set up: That a deed of conveyance, through which the plaintiff deraigned his title, was obtained from the defendant F. Bornheimer by fraud, and that plaintiff had notice of the facts constituting the fraud, and prayed “that said title of said plaintiff be decreed to be null and void, and to be delivered up. to be canceled, and that, defendant have such other and further relief as shall be meet, etc.”
On motion of defendant’s counsel, the issues presented *435by defendant’s answer herein, setting up an equitable defense, were (first) tried by the Court without a jury.
The Notary Public, who certified to the ackno.wledgement of the deed' above mentioned, was examined as a witsess. Having said that he had no distinct recollection of the' particular transaction, he was permitted to state that it had been his uniform custom to ask of a party to an instrument, if he understood its contents, if the signature was his, and if he executed it freely and voluntarily.
There was no evidence which would have justified the Court below in finding that F. Bornheimer did not properly acknowledge the instrument; and the presumption is that the certificate of the Notary states the facts. Assuming the evidence to have been improperly admitted, the testimony of the Notary could not therefore have injured the defendants.
The- evidence failed to establish the fraud alleged, and utterly failed to show that the grantee named in the deed was a party to such fraud, or that the plaintiff had nptice of any fraud.
The Court below properly decreéd the conveyance to be valid and effective. Subsequently the issues made by the averment of matters constituting, a legal defense came on to be tried by a jury, duly empaneled.
Mr. Latvrence, of counsel, entered an appearance for Engel Bornheimer, and by stipulation, the answer on file was considered the answer of said Engel. Engel Bornheimer was not named originally in the complaint, and no application was made to amend, by inserting his name as a defendant.
Engel Bornheimer offered to introduce “the same evidence ” which had been given on the part of F. Bornheimer, on the trial of the issues presented by the cross-complaint and equitable defense, but did not offer to prove that he was in any way connected with the claim of title of F. Bornheimer. The plaintiff’s objection to the evidence offered was properly sustained. The evidence given to the-jury does not appear in the transcript. The applicability of the instructions requested by defendants cannot, there*436fore, be determined here. We think the complaint should be amended. (McKinley v. Tuttle, 42 Cal. 570.)
It is ordered that the District Court amend the complaint or cause the same to be amended, as of a date prior to the judgment in said Court, by the insertion therein of the name, Engel Bornheimer, as a party defendant. *
Judgment and order denying new trial affirmed, the respondent to pay the costs of this appeal.
Mr. Justice Niles did not express an opinion.