This is an action brought to determine which of the parties has the right to purchase a portion of section 36, township 28 north, range 2 east, Mount Diablo meridian, school lands. All the defendants except Gold have been dismissed from the action.
Gold’s application to purchase was filed in the office of the surveyor-general, January 23, 1884, and is in proper form. Plaintiff filed his application to purchase in the same office on the 21st of March, 1884, and on the following day filed with the surveyor-general a protest against the approval of Gold’s application. Thereupon the surveyor-general certified the contest to the superior court of Tehama County.
*120The court below decided that defendant Gold is entitled to have issued to him a certificate approving his application to purchase the lands in controversy.
The defendant did not go upon the land until about the 18th or 20th of May following his application, and never saw the land until that time; but about the 10th or 12th of March he sent two men upon the land to build a house for him thereon, which they completed a few days thereafter. About the 1st of June following, the defendant took possession and remained there continuously for six months. He testified that he filed his application in good faith, intending to purchase the land for a home and as a place for business; that he knew the land was unfit for cultivation; that as soon as convenient after filing his application, and in pursuance of his intention to reside there, he had the house built, and as soon as the weather and the quantity of snow upon the ground would permit, he moved his stock upon the place, and resided there until heavy storms came in the fall. The court found that the land is unfit for cultivation, and also found that the defendant Gold was an actual settler.
1. At the time the plaintiff’s application to purchase the land was made,—March 21, 1884,—the defendant was in adverse occupancy of the land within the meaning of section 3495 of the Political Code. In his application the plaintiff stated that there was "no occupation of such lands adverse to any that he had.” This statement being untrue, his application is invalid, and he is not entitled to purchase the land. (Moseley v. Torrence, 71 Cal. 318; Gavitt v. Mohr, 68 Cal. 506.)
2. The statute in force at the time the defendant filed his application to purchase required the applicant to make an affidavit that he was a citizen of the United States; that he was an actual settler on the lands; that there was no occupation of such lands adverse to any that he had, etc. In his application to purchase, and *121his affidavit in support thereof, the defendant, Gold, alleged that he was an actual settler on the lands. This statement was false, for he testified at the trial that the first time he went on the land, or ever saw it, was about May 18, 1884, four months after he filed the application referred to, and that he had no improvements or cabin on the land until about the middle of March,—two months after his application.
An applicant for the purchase of land from the state must set out in his affidavit the facts required by the statute to be stated therein (McKenzie v. Brandon, 71 Cal. 209); and unless the matters of fact which are required by the statute to be alleged in the affidavit are proved at the trial of contests like the one at bar, no right accrues to the party alleging the same. (Plummer v. Woodruff, 72 Cal. 29.)
The finding of the court that the defendant Gold was an actual settler upon the lands is not supported by the evidence. It is directly in conflict with the testimony of the defendant.
Judgment and order reversed, with directions to the court below to dismiss the action, each party to pay his own costs.
McKinstry, J., and Searls, C. J., concurred.