In this appeal from an order appointing the Public Administrator of Orange County as administrator of the estate of Harry M. Stephens, deceased (decedent), we have concluded that under the provisions of section 422 of
Decedent Stephens died intestate, survived by his mother, Olive M. Stephens, his sole heir at law. Mrs. Stephens died testate nine days later. By her will she left her estate, including her interest in decedent’s estate, to her sister Mrs. Leah Field (decedent’s aunt) and to two nieces. Mrs. Field was appointed administratrix with the will annexed of Mrs'. Stephens’ estate in Los Angeles County..Both Mrs. Field and respondent public administrator then applied for letters' of administration for decedent’s estate in Orange County. Let-' ters were granted to the public administrator and Mrs. Field appeals.
The sole issue is the application of section 422.2 The facts here parallel those of Estate of Wakefield (1902) 136 Cal. 110 [68 P. 499], in which this court held that brothers did not “succeed to the estate” of their sister within- the' meaning of the section, when their mother, as sole surviving heir of the sister, died leaving a will naming them as beneficiaries. Accordingly, they had no priority over the public administrator, who was entitled to letters of administration of the sister’s estate. In so holding this court pointed out that since the mother succeeded to the estate of her daughter, it was impossible that the brothers could thereafter succeed to it; that although the mother had actually disposed of the. daughter’s estáte by will, if the' mother had died intestate even then the brothers would not have succeeded to their sister’s estate, but instead would have been heirs at law of .their mother—not heirs at law of their sister. (Pp. 111-112 of 136 Cal.)
This approach is obviously sound, and was adhered to in Estate of Edson (1904) 143 Cal. 607 [77 P. 451], in which a' son had conveyed to his father all of his interest, as an heir in the éstate of his deceased mother. When, upon the father’s
So in the present ease, although it appears that Mrs. Field will share in the estate of decedent’s mother Olive M. Stephens, including whatever remains of the mother’s interest in the decedent’s estate after payment of the debts and costs of administration in the estates of both decedent and his mother, it is only through decedent’s mother and a decree made in her estate and not as the heir of decedent that any assets of decedent’s estate will eventually reach Mrs. Field. Nothing in Estate of Herriott (1933) 219 Cal. 529 [28 P.2d 355], is persuasive to the contrary. There decedent, a soldier, left as his sole asset a war risk policy of insurance under which his mother, as named beneficiary, received monthly payments until her own death, upon which the unpaid residue of some $4,400 reverted to the soldier’s intestate estate, to be distributed directly therefrom to his brothers and sisters as his sole living heirs. In awarding letters of administration on the soldier’s estate to one of his sisters as against a claim of priority by the public administrator, this court, distinguishing Wakefield, supra (Estate of Wakefield (1902) 136 Cal. 110), noted that “In the instant ease, the right to inherit comes by operation of law from kinship to decedent and by reason of the peculiar facts, no right in the mother’s or father’s estate is involved.” (P. 531 of 219 Cal.) In Wake-field, as related, it was only by reason of a right in the estate of the mother whose death followed that of the sister, that the brothers would receive any of the assets of their sister’s estate.
Estate of Crites (1909) 155 Cal. 392 [101 P. 316], Estate of Stickelbaut (1960) 54 Cal.2d 390 [6 Cal.Rptr. 7, 353 P.2d
Additionally, the cases cited in the last paragraph dealt with the direction of Probate Code section 409 (formerly sections 1350, 1350a, of the Code of Civil Procedure) that “Persons are entitled to appointment as administrators with the will annexed in the same order of priority as in the appointment of administrators.” They established and adhered to the rule that if the will disinherits a relative then he does not qualify as one “entitled to succeed” and has no priority of right to letters, whereas a relative who takes under the will is so qualified. (See also Estate of Locke (1968) 258 Cal.App.2d 617, 620 [65 Cal.Rptr. 884].) In 1963 the Legislature codified this rule by amending section 409 to provide the exception that 1 ‘ one who takes under the will has priority over one who does not, and need not be entitled to succeed to the estate or some portion thereof under the law of succession.” (See Estate of Mullane, supra, 253 Cal.App.2d 441.) However, the Legislature has not seen fit to provide and no case has held that when, as here, the relative will share in assets of the primary estate only through the estate of a second decedent, any priority arises of right to letters of administration in the primary estate.
The order appealed from is affirmed.
Traynor, C. J., McComb, J., Peters, J., Tobriner, J., Mosk, J., and Sullivan, J., concurred.
1.
All section references are to the Probate Code unless otherwise stated-
2.
Section 422 of the Probate Code (formerly section 1365 of the Code of Civil Procedure) provides iii pertinent part: ‘‘Administration of the estate of a person dying intestate must- be granted to one" or more of the following persons, who are entitled. to letters, in the following. order, the relatives- of the ’decedent being entitled to priority only when 'they are entitled to succeed to the estate or some portion thereof: [1-5: Surviving spouse, children-,: grandchildren, parents, brothers.. and sisters;]..}). . (6) The .next of kin entitled tó shareún.the estate. '. . .. (8) The. public, ad; mihistratóf. . . . (10) Any person legally competent. ’' (Italics' added.) ’