Mrs. Viele obtained a writ of habeas corpus, requiring her husband to produce their children in court, claiming the custody of them. Pursuant to the writ, the children were produced, and much testimony was taken, bearing upon the question of their custody. The parties finally agreed to dismiss the proceedings so instituted, and a consent to that effect was signed by their attorneys. An order was presented to one of the justices of the supreme court, in the city of New York, where the said proceeding was pending, reciting -the said consent, and directing not only that the proceeding should be dismissed, but also containing an -additional provision, not contained in the said consent, further directing that the children named in the writ should be remanded to the custody of the father, the respondent.-
It is insisted that the latter part of the order is irregular, because not embraced in the written consent, and a motion *16is now made on the part of the relator, Mrs. Viele, that such part be stricken from the order.
There are sufficient reasons why the motion.should .not be granted.
1st. The father was prima facie entitled to the custody of the children. That is the rule of the common law. They were found in his custody. He was required to bring them into court, and, pursuant to its command, he produced them. Nothing appears tending to prove that his natural right as father was in any manner abridged. , The relator, who sued out the writ, abandoned the claim which she made in that ]'tigation, and consented that it be dismissed. It follows, as a matter of course, that the father, who had produced the children, was still entitled to their custody. The order declares nothing more than his natural right, upon the writ of habeas corpus being abandoned, and the proceeding dismissed.
The order does not constitute any bar to the rights of Mrs. Viele, whatever they may be, should she think proper, in the future, to assert them in this court. It clearly appears that the order is not an adjudication upon the merits, for nothing was heard or decided except upon the written consent ; the rest of the order is merely a restoration of the custody of the children to the father, the court having previously assumed the control of them, pending the litigation, as parens patrice. The court, by the..latter part of the order, surrenders its control, and restores it to the father, whose right has been, disturbed by its process.
Although the paragraph complained of was not necessary for the purpose of rehabilitating the, respondent with parental authority, it was eminently proper that the persons produced under the writ should, on its dismissal, be remanded, as in criminal cases, to the custody in which they were found. This practice is invariably pursued on the dismissal of such a writ in criminal cases.
2d. It" further appears that Mrs. Viele has improperly *17obtained the possession of at least one of the children, and has also the possession of another, by arrangement with her husband, and has now fled from the country, taking both of the children with her.
Whatever may be the affection of the mother, she is wrong in depriving these children of the protection of the father, of the benefit to be derived by an education in their native land, and of the social consideration belonging to his station in life. The advantages of her children should be the mother’s chief consideration. She has disregarded their rights and paramount interests, as well as those of her husband. I think she has, by her conduct in improperly removing the children to a foreign country, renounced her right of applying to this court for any relief in the premises.
The motion is therefore denied.
An order to that effect was entered.