The disposition of this appeal is controlled by the judgment pronounced in action Ho. 1, between the parties hereto, and, herewith decided The questions involved are kindred, and the evidence as well, the only suggestion requiring consideration being whether the defendant should be required to pay the costs which were awarded against him. There is no doubt that the publications complained of here could have been embraced in action Ho. 1 between the parties, and already alluded to. Both actions are on the equity side, and the costs therefore discretionary. There appears not upon the record any reason why the two causes should not have been joined in the other action, and for this reason the costs should not
have been awarded to the plaintiff. At law each publication was a cause of action, doubtless, but if prosecuted even in that mode the separate actions might nevertheless be consolidated; but this method of procedure in equity is not indispensable as to the question of costs in regard to which the the plaintiff takes the peril of facts and circumstances affecting it. It appears, and it has some bearing on the subject, that some evidence relating to this action was taken in the other, and thus to some extent at least they proceeded pari passu together. A multiplicity of actions is not favored in equity, and, if indulged in, that circumstance must have an important influence upon the allowance or disallowance of costs as a matter of discretion. This action being *82one which was not required to redress the plaintiff’s wrongs, and therefore unnecessary, the plaintiff should have been compelled to pay his own costs. It was, under the circumstances, sufficient punishment to him to oblige the defendant to pay his own costs, in addition to the costs in the other action. The judgment should therefore be modified by reversing it as to costs awarded against the defendant, and affirmed as to the balance, without costs to either party. Ordered accordingly. All concur.