By mandamus absolute the treasurer of Taylor county was required to pay to the plaintiff the amount of an order in his favor drawn on the treasurer by the county judge. It appears from the petition, which was sworn *489to, that the grand jury, at the February term, 1893, of the superior court, recommended that the treasurer (who-has been succeeded in office by the defendant) borrow $500 with which to defray the lawful expenses of the coui’t, and at the same time the ordinary instructed, said former treasurer to do so. At the August adjourned term the grand jury recommended that the amount due plaintiff be paid, with interest agreed upon. The $500 was loaned by plaintiff, the county at the time not having the money with wdiich to defray the court, expenses, nor until recently has it had the money to repay. On January 1, 1894, the judge of the county court drew his warrant on the -treasurer, directing him to pay to plaintiff $548.65, that being the just sum of principal and interest due him. The treasurer refused to pay it. In his answer he says that his reason for so declining was, that the county judge had no authority to-draw the warrant; that by act of the General Assembly approved December 20, 1886, the commissioners of roads and revenues were abolished, and all the powers and county matters of Taylor county were vested in and conferred upon the ordinary, who alone has authority to draw a warrant on the treasurer. He is informed that the county judge claims such power under act of the General Assembly, approved December 9,1893; but respondent submits that that act is in conflict with the-constitution and is null and void, it being a local statute,, and the following being all the notice of it that was-given or published: “Notice is hereby given that the next General Assembly of Georgia will be asked to pass the following act: An act to amend the county court-laws as regards Taylor county, and to provide for the appointment of a county solicitor for said county, and for other purposes.’ ” This was published in the Butler Herald newspaper of Taylor county, for the first time-on October 17, 1893, and the legislature convened on. *490October 4, 1898; and said act was not reported to the General Assembly by a committee as provided by section 7, article 3 and paragraph 15 of the constitution, and was not read and considered by a two thirds vote of the General Assembly. The county court of Taylor county was established in October, 1893, and the county judge commissioned on the 14th of that month. The answer further alleges, that while the ordinary may have instructed the former treasurer to borrow the $500 to defray lawful county expenses, there is no order or judgment of the ordinary on record, permitting or directing that this be done by the treasurer or any other person ; and it is submitted that, had such order been made, it would have been illegal and void; for, while the constitution authorizes the General Assembly to confer the right and authority on the counties to borrow money, no act of the General Assembly has been passed putting said constitutional provision in force.
C. J. Thornton, for plaintiff in error. J. H. Martin, W. S. Wallace and C. C. West, contra.