NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS MAR 3 2022
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
JORGE ANTONIO ALAS-RODRIGUEZ, No. 17-70518
AKA Jorge Antonio Alas, AKA Jorge
Antonio Rodriguez, Agency No. A208-081-300
Petitioner,
MEMORANDUM*
v.
MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney
General,
Respondent.
On Petition for Review of an Order of the
Board of Immigration Appeals
Submitted February 14, 2022**
Pasadena, California
Before: OWENS and MILLER, Circuit Judges, and CHRISTENSEN,*** District
Judge.
Jorge Antonio Alas-Rodriguez, a native and citizen of El Salvador, petitions
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
**
The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
***
The Honorable Dana L. Christensen, United States District Judge for
the District of Montana, sitting by designation.
this Court for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) decision
affirming the immigration judge’s (“IJ”) denial of his application for asylum,
withholding of removal, and Convention Against Torture protection. Alas-
Rodriguez’s petition advances two arguments, including: (1) that the BIA
erroneously concluded DHS had sufficiently rebutted the presumption he would
suffer persecution if removed to El Salvador; and (2) he is entitled to humanitarian
asylum. For the reasons stated herein, we deny the petition for review.
Because the parties are familiar with the facts, they are not recounted here.
Where, as here, the BIA conducts “its own review of the evidence and law rather
than simply adopting the” IJ’s decision, this Court limits its review to the BIA’s
“decision, except to the extent the IJ’s opinion is expressly adopted.” Hosseini v.
Gonzales, 471 F.3d 953, 957 (9th Cir. 2006) (citation omitted). This Court
“consider[s] only the grounds relied upon by” the BIA in its decision, examining
“legal conclusions de novo” and “factual findings for substantial evidence.”
Garcia v. Wilkinson, 988 F.3d 1136, 1142 (9th Cir. 2021) (citation omitted).
Because the “BIA did not disturb the IJ’s” credibility finding as to Alas-Rodriguez,
this Court accepts his “testimony as true.” Id. at 1143.
1. To be eligible for withholding of removal, Alas-Rodriguez must
“establish that his . . . life or freedom would be threatened in [El Salvador] on
account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or
2
political opinion.” 8 C.F.R. § 1208.16(b). Previous persecution creates a
presumption of future persecution. Id. § 1208.16(b)(1)(i). But this presumption is
rebutted if DHS establishes, by a preponderance of the evidence, that: (1) there
“has been a fundamental change in circumstances such that” Alas-Rodriguez
would not be persecuted upon removal; or (2) Alas-Rodriguez “could avoid a
future threat to his . . . life or freedom by relocating to another part of” El Salvador,
“and, under all the circumstances, it would be reasonable to expect [him] to do so.”
Id. § 1208.16(b)(1)(i)(A)–(B).
The BIA did not err in affirming the IJ’s conclusion that there was both a
fundamental change in circumstances and a reasonable expectation that Alas-
Rodriguez could successfully relocate away from his father’s abuse. First, the
record establishes that Alas-Rodriguez was abused by his father as a minor but is
now an adult in his mid-twenties. This fact is probative of both his ability to
relocate and whether there has been a fundamental change in circumstances. Put
another way, the fact that Alas-Rodriguez is now an adult establishes that it is
reasonable for him to relocate away from his father’s abuse and that circumstances
have sufficiently changed such that any abuse from his father is unlikely to
reoccur.
Second, his own testimony establishes that he believes he would be able to
secure independent employment and housing in El Salvador. Alas-Rodriguez did
3
not testify that such housing and employment would only be available in areas
close to his father. Such evidence establishes a reasonable expectation of
relocation in an area away from his father’s abuse. In other words, any
presumption of persecution was rebutted.
2. As a final matter, the Court cannot consider Alas-Rodriguez’s assertion
on appeal that he should have been afforded humanitarian asylum because Alas-
Rodriguez did not raise this claim before either the IJ or BIA. Rodas-Mendoza v.
INS, 246 F.3d 1237, 1240 (9th Cir. 2001) (per curiam).
PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.
4