delivered, the opinion of the Court
The declaration in this case contained the common counts in indebitatus assumpsit, for work and-labor, and materials bestowed in the repairing of a carriage, for the defendant. The evidence conduced-to show the following state of facts: that the defendant, having a-carriage out of repair, proposed to the plaintiffs to put in repair, and inquired of them what it would cost; to which they answered, that -it would cost him not less than one 'hundred and twenty-five, nor more than -one hundred and fifty •dollars. The defendant then inquired what were the terms of payment, and was told that the usual terms were cash, upon the -completion of the work; but, if he would give his note, he could .have twelve months credit: and the understanding of the plaintiffs was, that such note would bear interest, thoirgh that was not -so expressed at any tame in the presence of the defendant. The defendant then told them to take the carriage, ,and they accordingly removed it to their shop, to be repaired. Before the re■pairs were quite completed, that is, the carriage, lacking about fifteen or twenty dollars worth of work of being finished, but being in good running order, the defendant came to the shop, where the plaintiffs were, examined the work, -expressed himself entirely satisfied with it, took away the carriage, and used it, and •offered it for sale. No reason is shown why the work was not finished. Bor aught that appears, the carriage was taken away with the consent of the plaintiffs. They made no objection to its removal. Nothing was said, then or afterwards, about the defendant giving his note-or entitled to any credit. No request or demand was made upon the defendant to .give his note, but the plaintiffs immediately brought suit for the amount of the repairs which were variously estimated by the witnesses to be worth from '$85 to $120. The court below refused to give two instructions asked .for by the plaintiffs, predicated upon the supposition, that -a special contract hadbeen proved to do the repairs for an agreed price, and that in such case no evidence was admissible to reduce the verdict below the price agreed upon, unless to show that the repairs were not done in a workman-like manner. The court gave an instruction, on then- motion to the effect, that, if the j ury believed the defendant agreed to give his note for the work done upon the carriage-on the completion, and he failed or refused to do so^ when the work was completed, the amount agreed to be paid for the repairs became due- at once-, and that the burthen of proof was upon the defendant to show that he either gave such note or offered to do so, and the-plaintiffs refused to receive it. The j ury returned a verdict for the defendant, stating in it, for some unaccountable reason,, that they found for him, under the instructions of the court. The case comes up on exceptions to the decision of the. court refusing to-grant a new trial,, moved for upon the grounds that the court had erred in refusing to give the instructions asked for .on behalf of the plaintiffs, and that the verdict was against evidence.
The verdict can be sustained only on the supposition that the ' jury believed the plaintiffs had agreed to do the work on a credit, and without requiring any note to be given for the price, and therefore the action was prematurely brought; of which there was some, but very slight evidence, depending on the statement of one of the plaintiffs in a casual, conversation with a witness. Our impression of the evidence, is, that no special contract was established. The conversation amounted to no more than an assurance to the defendant that the repairs would not cost him beyond a certain sum. Nor did the defendant say or do anything clearly indicative of his acceptance of either alternative, to pay cash on completion of the work, or obtain credit, by giving a note. And if there was any special agreement, it was abandoned by the acts of each party; the defendant in accepting the carriage before the repairs were completed, and the plaintiffs by delivering it to him, without asking for the note. Notwithstanding what may have been said between the parties, the only construction to be put upon their conduct is, that they finally concluded to place the matter on the footing of a common undertaking to do the repairs for a reasonable compensation, and which would ordinarily be due and payable on tbe completion of tbe work, or its acceptance by tbe defendant. Tbe form of tbe declaration precluded tbe court from giving any sucb instructions as those wbicb were rightly refused; and tbe instruction given was improper, because inapplicable to tbe case made by tbe evidence; so that tbe correctness of it, in tbe abstract, need not b e considered. N evertbeless-, tbe verdict was wrong, and tbe court ought to have granted a new trial, because, according to any reasonable view of tbe testimony, taking it all as true, tbe plaintiffs were entitled to recover the fair value of tbe repairs actually put upon tbe carriage. Reversed.