Br the Court,
Cole, J.By the city charter the expense of grading and filling the street mentioned in the complaint was to-be assessed and charged upon the lots fronting the street upon which the improvement was made. Sec. 5, chap. 7, Charter. See Priv. Laws of 1856, p. 245. The charter provided that upon the performance of any contract for work chargeable to lots under its provisions, the street commissioners were to give the contractor a certificate under their hand, stating therein the amount of work done by him, the nature thereof, and the description of the lot upon which it was chargeable, and in case the amount was not paid before the time for making out the annual assessment roll, the same was to be assessed upon the lot, and collected for the use and benefit of the holder of the certificate as other taxes upon real estate were collected. Sec. 9, chap. 7. And, by a 'proviso contained in the section, it was expressly declared “ that in no event, where work is ordered to be done at the expense of any lot or parcel of land, shall either the city or any ward be held responsible for the payment thereof.” This language shows in the clearest manner, that by the charter the expense of making such improvements is not a general charge against the city, but is made an exclusive, charge upon the adjacent lots. The *211counsel for the respondent argued and insisted that the city washable to the contractor for the ultimate payment for all such improvements, because it let the contract, and the work was done under the direction of its agents. But this is certainly an unauthorized assumption. The city did not in any way undertake or become absolutely liable to pay for the work. On the contrary, in no event was the work ordered to be done to become a charge upon the city or ward funds. Undoubtedly the city had a duty to perform. It was to see that the amount assessed upon the lot was included in the next annual assessment roll and collected with the other taxes. It was to put the “proper machinery in motion ” for making the money due on the certificate by a sale of the lot upon which it had been assessed. This it appears the city did do, and the lot was sold for the assessment and bid in by the city.
The charter likewise provided that if at any sale of real or personal property for taxes or assessments, no one should bid, the same should be struck off to the city, which might receive the tax certificate in its corporate name, and sell and assign it to any purchaser. Sec. 23, chap. 8. When the city bid off the lot for this special assessment, it did not thereby become liable to pay such assessment. It holds the tax certificate for the benefit of the party to whom such assessment is due. If the city should sell the tax certificate or collect the money due upon it from the owner of the lot, then, as a matter of course, it should pay it over to the person entitled to receive it. This is the extent of its duty and liability. Eilert v. The City of Oshkosh, 14 Wis., 586.
In this case the owner of the street commissioners’ certificate can secure his money either by taking the tax certificate from the city, and thus ultimately obtaining the land by a tax deed, or by waiting until the city finds some one willing to buy it. At the time the contractor performed the work, he well knew that he must look to the land for his pay. He must be presumed to have known that the city w.as not liable for the *212improvement, and that he must wait until the money was made out of the property upon which it was assessed. The city has used all diligence to raise the money by assessing the expense of the work upon the lot and selling the same. And, though it was compelled to bid. in the property at the tax sale, yet it did so in the capacity of a trustee for the benefit of the person to whom the money was due. •
For these reasons we think the demurrer to the complaint was well taken. The order overruling it is therefore reversed, and the cause remanded with directions to dismiss the complaint.