— This is an action based on the following instrument of writing executed by defendant to plaintiff, viz.:
“Carthage, Mo., July 21, 1890.
“There is due Geo. Webster as commissions on the sale of my interest in the Herin & Myers mine thirteen hundred dollars ($1,300), said amount to be paid on September 21, 1890, when the balance of the purchase money is paid. Amount due $5,000.”
Plaintiff had judgment below and defendant brings the case here. The trial was without a jury, the court, of its own motion, giving the following declaration of' law: “The court declares the law to be that if *341defendant agreed to pay plaintiff $1,300 on the twenty-first day of September, 1890, when $5,000 was collected from Otis & Pierce, balance of purchase price of the one-half interest in the mining lots sold them, then said amount became due and owing to plaintiff by defendant so soon after the twenty-first day of September, 1890, as defendant could collect such balance by the use of reasonable diligence, and, if, thereafter, defendant voluntarily extended the time for the payment of such balance still owing, or any part thereof, by taking notes from Otis & Pierce for $2,500 not to become due until July, 1891, without the consent of plaintiff, and failed and refused to make any effort to collect any balance of said $5,000, then the sum of $1,300, thereupon, became due plaintiff, and plaintiff ought to recover.”
This declaration is a proper statement of the law on the hypothesis as to the facts. It is supported by the case of Tureman v. Stephens, 83 Mo. 218, and cases therein cited. If the matters hypothetically put in the instruction are true, then the Tureman case is authority, by close analogy, for the instruction. It certainly ought not to be allowed defendant to alter his arrangement with the purchasers of the property in regard to the payment of the $5,000, to the prejudice of plaintiff without his consent, coupled as it is with defendant’s failure to make any effort to collect the balance. No voluntary act of defendant, whether by omission or commission, which, without plaintiff’s consent, would work to his prejudice, as contemplated by the contract, ought to be allowed as a shield to defendant.
This only leaves the further question whether there was evidence upon which to base the declaration of law. A perusal of the record satisfies us that there was. That evidence being before the trial court, the conclusion to be drawn therefrom belonged to that *342court and not to us. There was no error in overruling the motion to continue, or in refusing defendant’s instructions.
We feel bound to affirm the judgment.
All concur.