This is a motion to dismiss the libel filed herein on the 9th day of June, 1924, in an action in rem, and to vaeate the attachment made by the marshal under process of this court.
Libelant commenced an action for damages for personal injuries in the New York Supreme Court in Richmond county, on December 14, 1922, which is still pending.
On April 16,1923, the libelant commenced *105an action in rem against the steamship Gaseonior for the same cause, based on the same facts, in this court, and in that action a bond for $25,000 was given by the claimant.
This action was noticed for trial and thereafter duly reached for trial on April 2, 1924, having been previously set down for trial on that day without objection, on a call of tbe admiralty calendar bold on March 22, 1924, and, on the failure of the libelant to proceed, tbe case was dismissed.
On April 3, 1924, the libelant moved to open Ms default, but the motion was denied by Judge Inch, who filed a memorandum on such denial, in which he held that there was no default in the sense that failure to appear had been eaused by inadvertence or mistake, but that on tbe contrary the action of tbe libelant’s counsel constituted a deliberate abandonment, and held that to have been established by the moving papers presented before Mm.
On June 24, 1924, tbe libelant commenced a new action in rem in this court against the said ship for the same cause and based on the same facts, in which action process was issued, and it is the libel in, this action that claimant now seeks to have dismissed.
The first action in rem has been held by one of the judges of this court to have been abandoned, and, .that decision not having been reversed on appeal, is binding on this court.
I am fully aware that the rights of seamen are to be carefully protected, but that does not mean that a proctor or advocate may play with this court and hide behind the fact that Ms client is a seaman.
If the libelant now finds himself in a less advantageous position than is satisfactory, it is due, entirely to the unwillingness of Ms proctor to prosecute the prior action when it was reached for trial; and, while the rights of seamen are to be protected, so are the rights of tbe ship and claimant, and it is apparent that it would place an unreasonably heavy burden on the claimant to compel it, more than two years after the happening of the alleged accident, to try and find the witnesses to the accident and even take their testimony by deposition, which they would be compelled to do, as any depositions taken in a former ease are not admissible in this case.
It would therefore seem that on the merits the decision should be in favor of tbe claimant, and, not only should the motion bo granted on the merits, bnt I am of tbe opinion that I am not vested with discretion but bound by the law to grant this motion.
There can be no question about the right of the libelant to bring an action in personam after dismissal or discontinuance of an action in rem, but it seems equally clear that once a bond or other security is given to release a ship from a lien, in an action in rem, the bond or other security takes the place of the ship, and the ship returns to her owner free of the lien, except there be fraud in tbe appraisement or bond, in which case the court has the right to recall the vessel for the purpose of requiring an honest appraisement and exacting a legal bond, as in ease of a mistake in the amount of the bond, in which case the court can require additional security. . The Kalamazoo, 9 Eng. Law and Eq. 557; The Wild Ranger, Brown and Lush. 84; The Union, Fed. Cas. No. 14346; The Old Concord, Fed. Cas. No. 10482; Benedict’s Admiralty (4th Ed.) p. 286, § 421.
Had the stipulators ou the bond become insolvent, the ship could not have been rearrested; tbe only remedy would have been to order the claimant to file new security on penalty of contempt or of being denied tbe right to appear further and contest the suit. The Fred M. Lawrence, 94 F. 1017, 36 C. C. A. 631; Home Ins. Co. v. The Concord, Fed. Cas. No. 6659; The Old Concord, Fed. Cas. No. 10482.
Where the former suit in rem had been discontinued by libelant and costs paid after claimant had given a bond and obtained the release of the ship, a libel in a subsequent action in rem for the same cause was dismissed. Tbe Thales, Fed. Cas. 883, No. 13855, affirmed Fed. Cas. 884, No. 13856, in which, at pago 883, Judge Blatehford said:
“There can be no doubt that the vessel is not liable to arrest in this action for, the same cause of action for which sho was arrested in the former action, she having been duly discharged on bond in that action.”
And again, at page 884, answering libel-ant’s claim that by discontinuance and payment of costs the new action was an original one, he said:
“TMs view overlooks the fact that the vessel was discharged on bond. * * * The rights of the parties interested in the vessel were fixed by tbe bonding and discharge, and she then returned into their hands freed from the lien or charge for which she had been arrested, and from liability to be again arrested therefor. * * * Such liability could not be renewed or recreated, against their consent, by tbe ac*106tion of the libelants in discontinuing the suit.”
Where the former suit had been brought in rem by the owner of a scow to recover damages from a tug which had been released on giving a bond, and the suit bad been dismissed because of libelant’s failure to file security for costs, a second suit in rem brought by the wife of the former owner of the scow for the same cause of action was dismissed. The William F. McRae (D. C.) 23 F. 557, in which Judge Brown said:
“That a vessel discharged from arrest upon admiralty process by the giving of a bond or stipulation for her value, or for the payment, of the amount claimed in the libel, returns to ber owner freed forever from tbe lien upon which she was arrested, and can never be seized again for the same cause of action, even by tbe consent of tbe parties, is a proposition too firmly established to be open to question.”
Where two suits in rem were brought by the same libelant for the same cause of action against the same vessel, in the first the libelant having been allowed to sue in forma pauperis, and tbe court, later determining that the affidavits upon which the order therefor had been granted were untrue, and considering that there had been an abuse of process of the court, made an order dismissing the suit without prejudice to the libelant to commence other suits for the same cause of action, such order of dismissal having been made after the véssel had been released on giving bond, the court dismissed the second suit on the ground that the giving of the bond in tbe first suit released tbe vessel from tbe lien. In that case, The Cleveland (D. C.) 98 F. 631, at page 632, Judge Hanford said :
“This case does not come within any recognized exception to the general rule. The release of the steamer Cleveland was not obtained by means of fraud on tbe part of the claimant, nor was the decision of the court in the former ease founded upon a mistake or misunderstanding of the facts. The court has not passed an order in this case directing that the vessel' be again taken into custody, but the libelants are endeavoring to proceed as if the former suit had never been commenced, and as if it were permissible for them to ignore the fact that in the former suit a bond to answer their several demands was received as a substitute for the security which they obtained by attaching tbe vessel. Upon tbe authority of tbe decisions above referred to, and other cases to which they refer, I am obliged to hold that the release of the steamship Cleveland in the former suit against her, by these libelants, discharged her absolutely from liability to answer the demands of the libelants in this ease, and that the proviso in the order dismissing the former suit that the same was made without prejudice can have no other effect, as a saving danse, than to prevent the decree of dismissal from being set up in bar of subsequent suits in personam against tbe master or owners of the vessel.”
The motion to dismiss the libel and vacate the attachment made herein is granted.