On the Merits.
Mr. Justice Mooredelivered the opinion of the court.
This is a suit to foreclose an alleged mechanics’ lien. It is stated in the complaint, in effect, that about December 17, 1898, the plaintiffs entered into a contract with the defendants S. Tomlinson, Charles P. Strain, and Nettie V. Strain, by and *114through one W. T. Roberts, who for that purpose was acting as the agent and contractor of said defendants, whereby plaintiffs furnished them with certain window glass, putty, and paint, of the value of $198.21, to be used and which were used, in the construction of a two-story brick building situated upon lot 4 in block 1 in Woodburn, Oregon, which building they then owned; that they paid on account of said bill the sum of $18.33, and, to secure the remainder, plaintiffs, prior to the completion of said building, filed in the office of the county clerk of Marion County their claim of lien against said lot and building; that the Northwest Door Company, a corporation, has a mechanics’ lien on said premises to secure the payment of the sum of $90.81; that Woodburn Lodge, No. 102, I. O. O. F., S. F. Hobard, Lila Dolan, Lola Dolan, Martin Dolan, Alfred Dolan, and B. D. Flint have or claim some interest in said premises, but, if any such they have, it is inferior to plaintiffs’ lien. The answer denies the material allegations of the complaint, and avers that, the defendant Tomlinson had full charge and control of the construction of the lower story of said building, and employed all the labor bestowed thereon, and furnished all the material used therein; that said Roberts was at the time stated in the complaint a retail dealer at Woodburn in paints, oils, doors, etc., from whom Tomlinson purchased goods, wares, and merchandise of the kind set forth in the complaint, and of the value of $307.04. which he used in the construction of the lower story of said building, and for which he fully paid Roberts at the time said goods were purchased, and prior to the filing of plaintiffs ’ claim of lien; that Roberts was not a contractor of said defendants, or any of them; that he never had charge or control of the work or construction of said building, or any part thereof, and was not at any time the agent of said defendants, or either of them, for the purpose of purchasing goods, wares, or merchandise, or material for said building, or for any part thereof. The reply having put in issue the allegations of new matter in the answer, a trial was had, resulting in a decree dismissing the suit, and plaintiffs appeal.
*1152. The question presented for consideration is whether Roberts sustained such relations to the defendants as would bind them by his contract for material used in the construction of the building. The statute conferring the right to a lien, so far as it is deemed applicable to the facts involved, is as follows: “Every * * * .person * # * furnishing material of any kind to be used in the construction * * * of any building * * * shall have a lien upon the same for the * ® * material furnished at the instance of the owner of the building * * * or his agent; and every contractor, subcontractor, architect, builder, or ' other person having charge of the construction * * * of any building * “ * ® shall be held to be the agent of the owner for the purposes of this act”: Hill’s Ann. Laws, § 3669. The testimony shows that the defendant Tomlinson is the owner of an undivided two thirds,' and the defendants Charles P. and Nettie Y. Strain are the owners of the remaining interest, in the first story of the brick building erected upon said lot, except a stairway leading to the second floor, which is owned, together with the upper story of said building, by the defendant Woodburn Lodge, No. 102,1. O. O. F. Tomlinson is a carpenter, and as such had the exclusive charge of and controlled the mechanics and laborers whom he employed to aid him in constructing the lower story, and he also purchased all the material used therein, for which he fully paid. Prior to and at the time said building was being constructed, Roberts was a retail dealer at Wood-burn, keeping for sale a stock of paints, oils, sash, doors, molding,, and other building material; and, having solicited Tomlinson’s patronage, a contract was entered into between them whereby, in consideration of the sum of $300, he agreed to furnish the necessary material to finish the front of the first story of said building; but, never having kept for sale any plate glass, and not having in stock sufficient sheet glass to fill his contract, he ordered from plaintiffs the material in question, writing to them that, bids for the completion of the store front having been opened, his was found to be the lowest, and that the contract had been awarded to him to furnish the shop work *116and glass. Bnt Eoberts being indebted to them for goods previously delivered, in the sum of $81.67, they declined to supply the material ordered until he paid such indebtedness, whereupon he secured from Tomlinson the sum of $100, which he sent to the plaintiffs, who, in the absence of any instructions as to its application, appropriated the same in discharging said prior debt; and, having shipped the material ordered, they credited the sum of $18.33 on account thereof. Eoherts’ time not being fully occupied in waiting on his customers, he was employed by Tomlinson, under whose direction he worked on said building during his spare hours, performing ten days’ labor in glazing windows and in carpenter work, for which he received compensation based upon ten hours’ work being equivalent to a day’s labor.
The testimony fails to disclose that Eoberts was an agent of or had authority from the defendants, or either of them, to order on their account the material supplied by the plaintiffs; and it conclusively appears that Eoberts did not have charge of the construction of any part of said building, and that he was not a contractor, subcontractor, architect, or builder in respect to the owners of the building, or of any person in privity with them. His letters to plaintiffs to the effect that he had secured the contract to furnish all the shop work, sash, doors, glass, etc., do not intimate that he was to place in the building, as a part thereof, any of the material ordered. He was, therefore, as the evidence clearly shows, only a material man, and it is unimportant whether he manufactured the material, or secured it from others who did so, or who kept it in stock for sale. A rule recognizing a manufacturer as the only person entitled to be denominated a “material man” would necessarily defeat the lien of middlemen for material used in’ the construction of a building, notwithstanding such material may have been purchased from the manufacturer and paid for by the dealer. So, too, if a manufacturer could assert a lien because he had not’ been paid for material sold and delivered to a retail dealer, which the latter, upon being paid therefor, sold to the owner of a building, who attached it to his estate, *117then the owner, when he buys any material to be used in the construction of a building, that the retail dealer does not manufacture, must become a surety for the latter, — a conclusion which would necessarily destroy all retad trade in building material. Roberts was a retail dealer in such material, and, having no charge of the construction of the building, he was not the statutory agent of the owners, and no lien in plaintiffs’ favor for any material so ordered by him ever attached to their premises.
It follows that the decree is affirmed. Affirmed.