*613Argued Jan. 2, decided Jan. 9, Rehearing denied Feb. 6, 1912.
On the Merits.
[119 Pae. 769.]
Statement by
Mr. Justice Bean.This is a suit to foreclose a mortgage on the N. 14 of S. W. 14 of section 12, township 1 S., range 4 E., W. M., executed by defendant Arthur Stipe to plaintiff on July 8, 1904, to secure a note for $465. From a decree in favor of plaintiff, defendant appeals.
Plaintiff alleges, in addition to the usual form as to the mortgage, that defendant George Wetherby purchased the mortgaged premises at a tax sale for the taxes of 1904, amounting to $5.08, and for those of 1907, amounting to .$5.40; that each of the defendants have or claim to have some right to, interest in, or lien upon, said mortgaged premises, but the same, if any exist, are subsequent in time and inferior in right to the lien of plaintiff’s said mortgage; that plaintiff tendered to Wetherby the sum of $20, the amount of the taxes, interest, and penalties, and deposited the same in court for that purpose.
Defendant Wetherby answered separately, affirmatively alleging that on the 26th of December, 1905, the sheriff of Multnomah County, Oregon, duly sold to this defendant the real estate described in plaintiff’s mortgage for delinquent taxes assessed thereon for the year 1904, amounting to $5.08, and issued a certificate therefor; that on the 29th day of December, 1908, said sheriff executed a tax deed of said real property to this defendant, which was duly recorded; that defendant is the owner in fee simple of the land, and prays that he be declared such owner, and entitled to the possession thereof.
Plaintiff demurred to the new matter in the answer, and upon the same being overruled replied, denying the issuance of any valid certificate of sale for such taxes, or *614the execution of any valid deed to said property by the sheriff, and alleging that the same were void for the' reason, among others, that the sheriff failed to make a return of the sale of said property for the year 1904, as required by.law. Therefore the certificate and deed executed thereon were wholly void. Upon trial the circuit court found, in part, that the certificate and tax deed were void on account of the failure of the sheriff to make such return. The note and mortgage of plaintiff were admitted. Affirmed.
For appellant there was a brief and an oral argument by Mr. George Wetherby. For respondent there was a brief and an oral argument by Mr. George P. Lent. Mr. Justice Beandelivered the opinion of the court.
Upon this appeal defendant Wetherby contends that plaintiff was not authorized to make him a party to the suit. The tax deed, upon its face, shows defendant to be a grantee, and to have an interest in the mortgaged property.
3. The owner of the equity of redemption is frequently a grantee, either directly or remotely, from the mortgagor, and such grantee, as long as he retains an interest in the premises, is a necessary party to foreclosure ; and no decree can be effective against him, unless he is joined. 9 Enc. of Pleading and Practice, 305.
4. All persons interested in the mortgaged premises should be made parties; otherwise they would be entitled to redeem. Landon v. Townshend, 112 N. Y. 93 (19 N. E. 424: 8 Am. St. Rep. 712); Watts v. Julian, 122 Ind. 124 (23 N. E. 698). The complaint, however, shows that defendant Wetherby claims to be a grantee of the premises subsequent to the giving of the mortgage, which complies with the rule in 9 Enc. Pl. and Pr., 377; Mann v. *615State, 116 Ind. 888 (19 N. E. 181); Hoes v. Boyer, 108 Ind. 494 (9 N. E. 427).
Section 3108, B. & C. Comp., provides that:
“All taxes, which may hereafter be lawfully imposed or levied upon real property shall be and they are hereby declared to be a lien on such property from and including the day on which the warrant authorizing the collection of such taxes is issued until they should be paid, or until the title shall rest in the purchaser upon sale of such taxes. * *”
5. Section 423, L. O. L., relating to the foreclosure of liens upon real property, requires that any one having a lien subsequent to the plaintiff upon the same property shall be made a defendant in the suit, and any person having a prior lien may be made defendant at the option of the plaintiff, or by order of the court, when deemed necessary. If it be conceded that this defendant was not regularly made a party to the suit, he waived this point by pleading for affirmative relief.
Plaintiff contends that the facts in defendant Wetherby’s answer were not sufficient to support any title of defendant to the land for the reason that said defendant did not allege that there was any tax levied upon the property for the year 1904, or any warrant issued for the collection thereof, or any return of sale by the sheriff; and that the separate answer of said defendant amounts to no more than a legal conclusion. Neither is there any allegation of ownership of the property at the time of the assessment. The facts usually continued in such certificate of sale and tax deed are not set out irr the answer.
6. It is contended by defendant Wetherby that in a suit to foreclose a mortgage the court has no jurisdiction to determine an alleged title, paramount to that of the mortgagor, when set up by a defendant. It is sufficient in regard to this contention to refer to the answer of *616defendant, which, we think, does not set up a title paramount to the mortgagor, and which is a mere claim for taxes subsequent to the date of plaintiff’s mortgage (Middleton v. Moore, 43 Or. 357: 73 Pac. 16), and does not come within the rule enunciated in Gennes v. Peterson, 54 Or. 378 (103 Pac. 515).
7. Under Section 3127, B. & C. Comp., a sheriff’s tax deed is made prima facie evidence of the regularity of the tax proceedings, including the sale. This, however, may be overcome by proof to the contrary. Brentano v. Brentano, 41 Or. 15, 19 (67 Pac. 922).
8. A careful examination of the evidence herein leads us to believe that the finding of the trial court, to the effect that the tax deed of defendant was void, is correct. It is shown by the evidence that an unsigned memorandum was made in the sheriff’s office of the sale of 80 acres in the section described to this defendant, and the amount the same sold for. Section 3118, B. & C. Comp., then in force, provides that a warrant for a collection of delinquent taxes must be executed and returned in like manner as an execution against property. The requisite steps to be taken under this statute are plainly set out by Mr. Justice.EAKIN, in Ayers v. Lund, 49 Or. 303, 308 (89 Pac. 806: 124 Am. St. Rep. 1046), and we need only to refer to the same.
The decree of the lower court is therefore affirmed.
Affirmed.