delivered the opinion of the Court
This was a bill in equity, brought by Charles W. Brown, administrator of the estate of Burns Boberts, deceased, in the circuit court of Sangamon county, against the Wabash Bailway Company.
The substance of the charge in the bill upon which the relief prayed for is predicated, is that Boberts, on the 10th day of July, 1875, was killed by an accident which occurred on the Toledo, Wabash and Western Bailway, the railroad being then operated by Jacob D. Cox, receiver; that the deceased was at the time an employee of the receiver in the capacity of fireman on an engine, and while engaged in the discharge of his duty, the engine was thrown from the track, in consequence of running upon a certain number of cattle which were then lying on the track of the railroad; that the cattle had wandered on the road by reason of the insufficiency of the railroad fence, which was suffered and permitted to remain out of repair by the negligence of the receiver; that the fence had been out of repair for a long space of time, and that the deceased exercised due care on his part.
This suit, as it will be observed, is by, bill in equity, brought by the representative of a deceased person to recover unliquidated damages for a personal injury, which resulted in death, caused by the negligence of one of the defendants in the bill.
It is an old and well settled rule of equity that, where there is a remedy at law, as a general rule a court of chancery will not take jurisdiction.
If the deceased lost his life through the negligence of the receiver, did complainant have a remedy at law? If he had, then it is plain this action can not be maintained. Where the affairs of a railroad company have passed into the hands of a receiver, who operates the road, and has exclusive control, no reason is perceived why the receiver may not be sued, leave of the court having been obtained,for personal injuries sustained on account of the negligent management of the road, and where a recovery could be had against a railroad company operating a road, it might, upon the saíne principle, be had against the receiver. High on Beceivers, sec. 395, and cases there cited.
But the ground upon which it is contended a bill will lie in this case, as we understand it, is that a lien exists in favor of complainant against the railroad property, and he is seeking to follow property affected with a trust in his favor.
This position is predicated upon the fact that, while Cox was acting as receiver, and on the 10th day of June, 1876, the railroad was sold by decree of court to certain persons, who, on the 12th day of January, 1877, conveyed the railroad, and all property connected therewith, to the Wabash Bailway Company, and the Wabash Company took and retained possession of the road and its property under a deed of conveyance which contained the-following clause:
“ That said estate and interest are hereby charged with, and shall pass by virtue of these presents, subject to the payment of all liabilities incurred in respect to the said railroad, or its business, by the said Jacob D; Cox, as receiver, during the pendency of the legal proceedings above mentioned.”
There is no doubt, under this clause of the deed, in regard to the question that the Wabash Bailway Company held the property conveyed to it subject to the payment of such liabilities as Cox, the receiver, had incurred while he had the possession and entire control of the road. But, while this may be conceded, it by no means follows that a court of equity will assume jurisdiction of a case involving a question of unliquidated damages arising from a tort. Had the complainant brought an action at law against the receiver, and recovered a judgment, and thus settled the liability of the receiver, and also settled the amount of damages he was entitled to recover, and then brought a bill in equity against the Wabash Bailway Company to subject the property it received from the receiver to the payment of the judgment, a different question would have been presented. .
But we are aware of no authority which would sanction the right to resort in the first instance to a court of equity.
A court of chancery is not the forum in which a question of damages should be settled. If it was, the sacred right of trial by jury could easily be abrogated and set aside by merely resorting to such a tribunal.
A court of equity has no jurisdiction to determine a question of damages of this character, as is well said by Story, Yol. 2, see. 794, in the following plain language:
“ It may be stated, as a general proposition, that for breaches of contract, and other wrongs and injuries cognizable at law, courts of equity do not entertain jurisdiction to give redress, by way of compensation or damages, where these constitute the sole object of the bill. For whenever the matter of the bill is merely for damages, and there is a perfect remedy at law, it is far better that they should be ascertained by a jury than by the conscience of the chancellor. And, indeed, the first foundation of equitable jurisdiction fails in all such cases, as there is a plain, complete and adequate remedy at law.”
We are well satisfied that a bill could not be maintained in a case of this character without a clear and palpable disregard of the clear distinction existing between a court of equity and a court of law.
The decision of the Appellate Court will be affirmed.
Judgment affirmed.