delivered the opinion of the Court:
This was a petition for mandamus, to compel Joseph E. Gary, one of the judges of the Superior Court of Cook county, to sign and seal a bill of exceptions in a certain cause which had been tried before him at the December term of court, 1879.
It appears from the record that the cause was tried in the absence of petitioner, who was defendant in the action, although he had a plea to the merits on file, and judgment was rendered against him for $803.32, December 17, 1879. On the 24th day of December following, and at the same term of court, petitioner, in open court, entered a motion to vacate the judgment, and for a new trial. This motion remained pending and undisposed of in the Superior Court at the end of the December term, and by operation of law stood continued to the next term of the court. It also appears that on account of the absence of Judge Gary'from the Superior Court, holding the Criminal Court, in the month of January, the motion could not be disposed of before the 24th day of January, 1880, at which time the motion was, by direction of the judge, set for a hearing. On the day named, the judge not, however, being able to attend, by order of court the motion was continued until January 30, when the judge again being unable to attend, by order of court the motion was continued until February 2, 1880, when the parties appeared, the motion was heard and overruled, and petitioner then and there excepted to the decision and judgment of the court. It also appears that petitioner, at the time the motion was overruled, prayed an appeal, and obtained an order of court giving him twenty days within which to prepare and present a bill of exceptions, and within the time allowed, and on the 14th of February, a bill of exceptions, purporting to contain all the evidence heard on the trial of the cause, was presented to the judge, who.declined to sign the same,*and then and there intimated to petitioner that he would not sign any bill of exceptions that contained the evidence given upon the trial. Petitioner then obtained an order of court extending the time twenty days, from the 14th day of February, to present a bill of exceptions. It also appears that within the .time allowed, and on the 28th day of February, petitioner presented a bill of exceptions, which purported to contain the evidence heard on the trial, to the judge, and also produced the witnesses who had testified on the trial of the cause, and offered to prove by them what the evidence was on the trial of the cause; but the judge refused to hear such evidence, and refused to sign any bill of exceptions which purported to contain the evidence heard on the trial.
The grounds of the refusal to sign a bill of exceptions are set out in the answer of respondent, substantially as follows: “That when said relator presented for the first time a bill of exceptions for settlement and signature by this respondent in the said case of Charles B. Farwell and others against said relator, and on or about the 14th day of February, 1880, respondent did not then, remember what evidence was given upon the trial of said cause; that he took no notes or memoranda of such evidence, nor was any stenographic or other report thereof taken,- so far as respondent is informed, and that no statement or memorandum thereof, claimed or purporting to have been taken at the trial of said cause, has ever been presented to respondent, or in any. way brought to his notice; that at the time respondent, as one of the judges of the Superior Court of Cook county, overruled and denied the motion made by relator for a new trial in the said case of Farwell and others against him, this respondent had no distinct recollection as to what evidence was given upon the trial of said cause, and was unable to remember the same so as to predicate any judicial action whatsoever thereon; that said cause had been tried ex parte more than two months prior to that time, and being’ undefended did not impress itself upon the memory of this respondent as a contested case would have done, and that respondent then believed, and now believes, that he had no authority to determine, either upon affidavit or by oral examination of witnesses, what the evidence was upon said trial; that this respondent never doubted or denied the right of relator to a bill of exceptions containing a true recital of all that occurred upon the hearing of the motion the denial of which was the subject of exception, but then was, and still is, of opinion that the method of presenting the evidence, or relator’s version thereof, upon the hearing of such motion, should have been, as heretofore indicated by this honorable court on several occasions, and particularly in the case of Motsinger v. Coleman, (or Wolf,) reported in the 16th volume of Illinois Reports, at page 71 thereof, and that therefore this respondent refused to settle and sign a bill of exceptions in said cause containing what was claimed by relator to be a statement of the evidence given upon said trial, and to certify in said bill that such statement embraced all the evidence given on said trial, unless the parties to said cause would agree that the same was a correct statement of all such evidence. ”
Was the application of petitioner for a bill of exceptions on February 2, 1880, made in apt time, or was he bound to present the bill of exceptions to the judge at the December term, when the cause was tried ?
It will be observed that petitioner entered a motion for a new trial at the term of court the cause was tried. The court adjourned without disposing of the motion, and under section 38, chapter 37, Rev. Stat. 1874, the motion stood continued until the next term of court, when, by order of court, the motion was continued until February 2, 1880, and then heard and overruled. The petitioner was not bound to present á bill of exceptions until such time as a final judgment should be rendered in the cause, and as the legal effect of the motion for a new trial, when regularly continued, was to stay final judgment until the motion was overruled, as held in Hearson v. Graudine, 87 Ill. 115, it seems plain that petitioner’s motion for a bill of exceptions on the 2d day of February, 1880, was made at the proper time. As we understand the practice, at the time the motion for a new trial was overruled and the judgment became final, petitioner was then required, if he desired a bill of exceptions signed, to present it to the court for the signature of the judge, or obtain an order of court extending the time to a future day. Evans v. Fisher, 5 Gilm. 453; Hance v. Miller, 21 Ill. 636; The People v. Williams, 91 id. 87.
In the Evans case, cited above, it is said: “A bill of exceptions should be reduced to form, and signed during the term in which the cause is tried, except in cases where counsel consent, or the judge, by an entry on the record, directs that it may be prepared in vacation, and signed nunc pro tunc. ” Of course, what is meant by the expression, “the term in which the cause is tried, ” is the term at which the final judgment is rendered in the cause. It would be useless labor for a party to prepare a bill of exceptions before the motion for a new trial had been passed upon, as it could not be known whether the bill would be needed until the final action of the court on the motion. Here petitioner did not present a bill of exceptions at the time the motion for a new trial was overruled, but he procured an order extending the time, and within the time prescribed by the court a bill of exceptions was prepared, and presented to the judge for his signature. This was, in our judgment, in apt time. Indeed, respondent does not, in his answer, claim that petitioner lost his right to have a bill of exceptions signed by a failure to present one in apt time, but, as we understand the answer, he claims that he did not remember what the evidence introduced on the trial of the cause was, and that he did not believe he had the authority to determine, by affidavit or by an oral examination of witnesses, what the evidence was on the trial. It is doubtless true, that where a judge tries as many cases as the judges of the Superior Court do, it is difficult for one of them to remember the evidence introduced on the trial two months before, unless there was something about the case to attract particular attention; but still, this fact forms no good reason why a party should be denied the right of appeal or writ of error, which might be the result if a bill of exceptions could not be obtained, as many eases can not be properly presented on appeal or writ of error without a hill of exceptions. If the evidence introduced on the trial was not reduced to writing, or preserved by the notes of a short-hand reporter, and the judge did not remember the evidence, and the witnesses who had been sworn on the trial were brought before the court on the motion for a bill of exceptions, as was held in The People v. Williams, supra, he might have examined them again in regard to what they had testified to on trial, and in that or some other mode determined the evidence to be incorporated in the bill of exceptions.
From the facts appearing in this record we are satisfied that petitioner is entitled to a bill of exceptions, to be signed by respondent, which shall contain the evidence heard on the trial, and such other proceedings in the cause as do not appear of record.
The peremptory writ of mandamus is granted.
Mandamus granted.
Mr. Justice Walker: I am unable to concur in the conclusion announced in this case.