delivered the opinion of the court:
A motion was made to dismiss the writ of error, which has been reserved to the hearing. The grounds of the motion, so far as we deem them material, are as follows: First, the parties to the writ of error are not the same as the parties to the suit in the court below; second, all the parties complainant in the court below were not joined as plaintiffs in error; third, Mary E. Madison and Leona Colburn were not parties to the suit in the court below, either as complainants or defendants.
It has been held since the early case of Robinson v. Magarity, 28 Ill. 423, to be the law of this State that a writ of error must be sued out in the same names in which the proceedings below were conducted, and in no other. And section jo of the Practice act provides that it is permissible for the plaintiff in error to join his co-plaintiffs or co-defendants in a writ of error without their consent, and the practice is, if the parties whose names are thus used by a co-plaintiff or a co-defendant choose to abide an erroneous judgment or decree and refuse to appear and assign errors, they must be summoned and severed, and then, after the severance, the writ may be prosecuted in the name of said co-plaintiffs or co-defendants. In McIntyre v. Sholty, 139 Ill. 171, on page 176, the court said: “All the plaintiffs or defendants in the original suit who are alive must join in the writ of error, and it is competent for one to join the others without their consent. The reasons for this rule are, that the writ must agree with the record, and that if one of a number of plaintiffs or one of a number of defendants who have not distinct and several interests should be permitted to bring a writ of error, every one might do the same, and such a practice would tend to multiply suits. If the parties whose names are thus used by a co-plaintiff or co-defendant choose to abide an erroneous judgment and refuse to appear and assign errors, they must be summoned and severed, and then, after the severance, the writ may be prosecuted in the name of such co-plaintiff or co-defendant.” And in Cooke v. Cooke, 194 Ill. 225, on page 227: “Any one who is a party to the record or is shown by the record to be prejudiced by a judgment or decree may sue out a writ of error, and is permitted to use the names of all his co-defendants without their consent. (Practice act, sec. 70; 3 Starr & Cur. Stat. 1896, p. 3099.) But he cannot prosecute his writ without joining his co-defendants who are identified in interest with him, and obtain the judgment of this court so far as the decree affects him. Plaintiff in error was but one of the defendants in the circuit court and all the other defendants were united in interest with him. The decree affects them all and in the same way, and it did not have the effect of a several judgment or decree against different parties. They had no separable interest in the suit, and the rule is elementary that a case cannot be heard at on time as to one party and at another time as to another. The writ of error must agree with the record, and in order to bring the decree up for review by writ of error all who were defendants in the original suit who are alive must join in the writ of error, so that the whole case may be disposed of and that the record may agree with the record below.”
It is urged that a different method of procedure was approved of in the case of Wormley v. Wormley, 207 Ill. 411. That case is distinguishable from the case at bar. In Scott v. Great Western Coal and Coke Co. 220 Ill. 42, it was said: “It is necessary, before this court will review the record of an inferior court upon writ of error, to have all parties to the record of the inferior court to which the writ issues, made parties, either plaintiff or defendant, so that one judgment of this court will determine the rights of all parties interested; and if a party to the record refuses to join the other plaintiffs in error, * * * any person having the right to a writ of error may sue out the writ and use the names of all his co-plaintiffs or co-defendants, and if co-plaintiffs or co-defendants choose to abide an erroneous judgment and refuse to appear and assign errors they must be summoned and severed, and after the severance the writ may then be prosecuted in the name of such co-plaintiffs or co-defendants, so that one writ and one judgment will answer as to all.— McIntyre v. Sholty, 139 Ill. 171; Cooke v. Cooke, 194 id. 225; Granat v. Kruse, 213 id. 328.”
It does not appear from the record that Mary E. Madison and Leona Colburn were parties to the suit in the court below, either as complainants or defendants, or that they have any interest in the subject matter of the suit. It was, however, sought to be shown by affidavit, at the time the writ of error was sued out, that said Mary E. Madison and Leona Colburn have, by inheritance through their' deceased father, Richard O. Colburn, an interest in the subject matter of the decree entered in the court below. Their interest could not thus be shown. In Hauger v. Gage, 168 Ill. 365, on page 367, the court said: “The general rule is that writs of ■ error must be sued out in the name of parties to the action below. ‘No person can bring a writ of error to reverse a -judgment who was not a party or privy to the record or prejudiced by the judgment, and therefore to receive advantage by the reversal of it.’ (Tidd’s Prac. title ‘Error,’ 1189.) ‘Whether the plaintiff in error be a party or privy or is aggrieved by the judgment must appear by the record. A couit for the correction of errors cannot, at common law, hear evidence to determine whether a party seeking a reversal is aggrieved by the judgment. Its mission is to examine the record upon which judgment was given, and upon such examination’ to reverse or affirm.’ ” And in Granat v. Kruse, supra, on page 332 : “In this case the relation of M. L. Barrett & Co. to the suit does not appear from the record but only from the affidavit filed in the case. It appears from the affidavit that that corporation, being bound to indemnify •Granat against the claim of Kruse & Peden, was notified to assume the defense of the action, and did so, but that after the judgment .of the Appellate Court Granat refused to permit them-to prosecute an appeal or sue out a writ of error, or proceed further in the defense against the'claim, or seek a reversal of the judgment. We have no jurisdiction to hear and determine such questions or to make them the basis of our attion. The record certified to this court speaks for itself, and we cannot hear -extrinsic evidence to determine whether a party seeking a reversal is aggrieved by the judgment.” And in Tormohlen v. Walter, 175 Ill. 442, on page 444, it was said: “The defendants in error, Jacob and Caroline Walter, were not parties below, but obtained title to the property by the master’s déed as the assignees of the certificate of purchase from the purchaser at the master’s sale, who also was not a party, and their interests cannot be affected by the above mentioned errors assigned, even if the decree were reversed.” “The writ of error can be brought against none but parties or privies to the judgment below. And all parties against whom the judgment was rendered, and all persons privy to the judgment, should be joined as defendants.” (7 Ency. of Pl. & Pr. p. 865.)
Eor the reasons hereinbefore suggested, we are of the opinion the writ of error was improvidently sued out and that the motion to dismiss the writ must be sustained.
The writ of error will be dismissed.
Writ dismissed.