— .¡The return to the writ issued out of this court makes it appear that in October, 1903, an information was filed in the district court of Polk county charging this plaintiff with a contempt of court, for that well knowing that one John Fletcher was a juror duly summoned, drawn and sworn as one of a jury in a civil case wherein one Lewis was plaintiff and Jesse O. Wells was defendant, then pending and on trial in said district court, he did willfully and knowingly attempt to improperly influence said juror to render a verdict in said cause by conversing with him about said cause, and the merits thereof, and soliciting said juror to favor the defendant, in said cause in the verdict to be rendered therein. TJpon the filling of such information a rule issued, and in response thereto this plaintiff appeared, and made answer in *356writing and under oath, in wbicb be denied all and singular the allegations in the information contained. A motion for discharge based upon the denials contained in the answer was made and overruled, and thereupon trial was had on oral testimony produced in open court, resulting in a finding of guilt and the entry of judgment for a fine and costs.
The contentions of plaintiff in this court are, in substance, two: First, that the district court erred in overruling the motion to discharge; second, in finding plaintiff guilty, for the reason that the evidence shows that at the time it is alleged plaintiff attempted to improperly influence said Fletcher he was not a juror sworn in said case, but a member of the regular panel, and there was therefore a fatal variance, and a failure of proof.
, I. The questions arising out of the motion to discharge are identical in all respects with those raised and disposed of adversely to the contentions of plaintiff in the ease of M. Drady v. District Court, 126 Iowa, 345, an opinion in which ease has been filed at the present term. We need go no father than .to say that in the respect now in question this case must be ruled by the holding in the case cited.
II. ' By section 4461 of the Code it is provided that “ any court of record may punish the following acts or omissions as contempts: * * * (4) Bribing, attempting to bribe, or in any other manner improperly influencing or attempting to influence a juror to render a verdict, or suborning or attempting to suborn a witness.” Counsel for plaintiff make the contention that the word “juror,” as’used in said section, does not embrace members of the general jury panel who have not been sworn to try an issue of fact in a particular case. We think there is 'no merit in the contention. What the legislature intended was to prevent any attempt to influence the results of jury trials by improper means. A jury in each case is made up, of course, from the persons drawn and summoned to act as jurors, and it would be absurd to say that one having ,a case for trial might resort to any system of *357“ jury fixing,” or make use of any .means in bis power to make certain tbe result of bis ease, without incurring liability for contempt, provided bis work was done before a jury bad actually been drawn and sworn to try bis case. As well say tbat witbin tbe law of contempts there could be no such thing as suborning a witness until after be bad been aethally sworn ás such. To ascribe to the legislature any such intention would require a presumption altogether too violent to be indulged in. The contention tbat there was a failure of proof because tbat Fletcher bad not at tbe time been sworn as a juror to try tbe Wells case is also without merit. Tbe essential element of the charge made was an attempt to improperly influence tbe course of justice as administered through .the medium of a jury trial; that such attempt was made in anticipation tbat tbe juror approached might have a voice in determining what tbe verdict in a particular case •should be. Tbe intent behind the act and tbe offensiveness thereof were -tbe same whether tbe juror bad taken his seat in the jury box or was in waiting subject to a call for service. In either case tbe act was witbin the prohibition of tbe statute. Tbe variance was therefore immaterial. The evidence taken upon the trial was conclusive as to the guilt of plaintiff, and we are not asked to disturb tbe finding of tbe district court on tbat ground.— Dismissed. '