United States v. Luis Carlos Murillo Asprilla

USCA11 Case: 21-13316 Date Filed: 08/09/2022 Page: 1 of 5 [DO NOT PUBLISH] In the United States Court of Appeals For the Eleventh Circuit ____________________ No. 21-13316 Non-Argument Calendar ____________________ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee, versus LUIS CARLOS MURILLO ASPRILLA, Defendant-Appellant. ____________________ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida D.C. Docket No. 8:20-cr-00380-SCB-AAS-2 ____________________ USCA11 Case: 21-13316 Date Filed: 08/09/2022 Page: 2 of 5 2 Opinion of the Court 21-13316 Before BRASHER, ANDERSON and DUBINA, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM: Appellant Luis Carlos Murillo Asprilla appeals the district court’s imposition of his 97-month total sentence for one count of conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute five kilograms or more of cocaine while aboard a vessel subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, and one count of aiding and abetting in the pos- session with intent to distribute five kilograms or more of cocaine while aboard a vessel subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. He argues that the district court erred in refusing to reduce his offense level for playing a mitigating role in the offense conduct. Having read the parties’ briefs and reviewed the record, we affirm Asprilla’s 97-month sentence. I. We review a district court's determination of a defendant's role in an offense for clear error. United States v. De Varon, 175 F.3d 930, 937 (11th Cir. 1999) (en banc). Clear error review requires that we be left with a definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been made. United States v. Valois, 915 F.3d 717, 731 (11th Cir. 2019). II. Under U.S.S.G. § 3B1.2, a defendant’s offense level is re- duced by four levels if the defendant was a “minimal” participant in criminal activity, two levels if the defendant was a “minor” USCA11 Case: 21-13316 Date Filed: 08/09/2022 Page: 3 of 5 21-13316 Opinion of the Court 3 participant, and three levels in “cases falling between” the two cat- egories. U.S.S.G. § 3B1.2. In evaluating a defendant’s role in an offense, the district court should consider (1) the defendant’s role in the relevant conduct attributed to him, and (2) his role compared to that of the other participants in the defendant’s relevant conduct. De Varon, 175 F.3d at 940. The district court “should look to other participants only to the extent that they are identifiable or discern- ible from the evidence.” Id. at 944. Furthermore, “the district court may consider only those participants who were involved in the relevant conduct attributed to the defendant.” Id. The determination of whether to apply a mitigating role re- duction is “based on the totality of the circumstances and involves a determination that is heavily dependent upon the facts of the par- ticular case.” United States v. Presendieu, 880 F.3d 1228, 1249 (11th Cir. 2018) (quoting U.S.S.G. § 3B1.2 comment. (n.3(C))). District courts can consider drug quantity at sentencing, but this factor can- not be the only factor used to determine the sentence. United States v. Cruickshank, 837 F.3d 1182, 1194-95 (11th Cir. 2016). Ul- timately, “[e]ven if a defendant played a lesser role than the other participants” in a conspiracy, “that fact does not entitle [him] to a role reduction since it is possible that none are minor or minimal participants.” United States v. Martin, 803 F.3d 581, 591 (11th Cir. 2015) (citation and quotation marks omitted). III. A review of the record demonstrates that the district court did not clearly err in declining to apply a mitigation role reduction. USCA11 Case: 21-13316 Date Filed: 08/09/2022 Page: 4 of 5 4 Opinion of the Court 21-13316 Asprilla, along with two co-defendants, were aboard a vessel in in- ternational waters south of Panama when a maritime patrol air- craft spotted them. The aircraft alerted the United States Coast Guard, and it launched a helicopter to intercept the vessel. The helicopter ordered the vessel to stop but it did not comply; rather, the vessel attempted to outrun the helicopter. The helicopter used disabling fire to incapacitate the vessel, and after this, members in the helicopter observed crew members throwing bales from the vessel into the ocean. The Coast Guard recovered 8 bales, which contained 187.3 kilograms of cocaine. After his co-defendants debriefed the government and en- tered into plea agreements, Asprilla agreed to plead guilty to both counts without a written agreement. The probation officer grouped both offenses and assigned Asprilla a base offense level of 36, and a criminal history category of I in the PSI. The PSI noted that Asprilla met the safety valve criteria and he qualified for a re- duction for acceptance of responsibility. This yielded a total of- fense level of 31. With a base offense level of 31 and a criminal history category of I, the guideline range was 108-135 months’ im- prisonment. Asprilla objected, in part, to the failure of the PSI to assign him a mitigating role reduction under U.S.S.G. § 3B1.2. He argued that he was simply a paid crewmember who had no propri- etary interest in the drugs. The district court denied the mitigation role reduction, find- ing all the defendants equally culpable. Although Asprilla alleged at sentencing that one of the other passengers served as the captain USCA11 Case: 21-13316 Date Filed: 08/09/2022 Page: 5 of 5 21-13316 Opinion of the Court 5 or person in charge, none of the crewmembers admitted to that when they were arrested. Moreover, the evidence showed that Asprilla spoke with the Coast Guard at the initial interdiction. The district court properly concluded that there was not enough evi- dence to indicate that Asprilla was substantially less culpable than the average participant and, thus, the two-level reduction was not warranted. However, the district court did grant in part Asprilla’s request for a variance. The district court sentenced him below the guideline range and varied one level to a 97-month sentence. We conclude that, in reviewing the evidence, Asprilla cannot show that the district court clearly erred because he engaged in essentially the same conduct as the other identifiable participants in the conspir- acy. Accordingly, based on the aforementioned reasons, we affirm Asprilla’s 97-month sentence. AFFIRMED.