Demeco Grant v. Social Security Administration, Commissioner

USCA11 Case: 21-12927 Date Filed: 08/30/2022 Page: 1 of 6 [DO NOT PUBLISH] In the United States Court of Appeals For the Eleventh Circuit ____________________ No. 21-12927 Non-Argument Calendar ____________________ DEMECO GRANT, Plaintiff-Appellant, versus SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, COMMISSIONER, Defendant-Appellee. ____________________ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama D.C. Docket No. 4:20-cv-00802-ACA ____________________ USCA11 Case: 21-12927 Date Filed: 08/30/2022 Page: 2 of 6 2 Opinion of the Court 21-12927 Before NEWSOM, LAGOA, and TJOFLAT, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM: Demeco Grant appeals the District Court’s order affirming the Social Security Commissioner’s (“Commissioner”) denial of his claims for a period of disability, disability insurance benefits (“DIB”), and supplemental security income (“SSI”). First, Grant argues that the administrative law judge (“ALJ”) failed to accord proper weight to his treating physician or show good cause in finding that the opinion was an issue reserved to the Commis- sioner. Grant also contends the “treating physician rule,” which was abolished under new regulations, was still in effect in this Court and that the new regulations do not supersede our prece- dent. Second, Grant argues that the ALJ’s decision was not based on substantial evidence because the ALJ failed to accord proper weight to his treating physician’s opinions and improperly disre- garded the opinions of other doctors. Grant also argues that the ALJ relied on vocational expert testimony that was not based on a correct or full statement of Grant’s limitations and impairments. I. When an ALJ denies benefits and the Appeals Council de- nies review, we review the ALJ’s decision as the Commissioner’s final decision. Doughty v. Apfel, 245 F.3d 1274, 1278 (11th Cir. 2001). We review de novo the legal principles on which the Commissioner’s decision is based. Ingram v. Comm’r of Soc. USCA11 Case: 21-12927 Date Filed: 08/30/2022 Page: 3 of 6 21-12927 Opinion of the Court 3 Sec., 496 F.3d 1253, 1260 (11th Cir. 2007). The Commissioner’s factual findings are conclusive if supported by substantial evi- dence. Id. The Commissioner’s decision will not be disturbed if, in light of the record as a whole, it appears to be supported by substantial evidence, which is “more than a scintilla and is such relevant evidence as a reasonable person would accept as ade- quate to support a conclusion.” Crawford v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., 363 F.3d 1155, 1158 (11th Cir. 2004) (quoting Lewis v. Calla- han, 125 F.3d 1436, 1440 (11th Cir. 1997)). A. For claims filed on or after March 27, 2017, new regulations apply regarding the consideration of medical opinions. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520c. This new regulatory scheme no longer re- quires the ALJ to assign more weight to medical opinions from a claimant’s treating source or to explain why good cause exists to disregard the treating source’s opinion. Compare 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520c(a), with 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(c)(2). Before the new regulations, we had held that the opinion of a treating physician must be given substantial or considerable weight unless good cause is shown to the contrary. Broughton v. Heckler, 776 F.2d 960, 961-62 (11th Cir. 1985). However, we recently held that § 404.1520c “falls within the [Commissioner’s] express delegation to ‘adopt reasonable and proper rules and regulations to regulate and provide for the nature and extent of the proofs and evidence and the method of taking and furnishing the same’ for adjudicat- ing disability claims.” Harner v. Soc. Sec. Admin., Comm’r, 38 USCA11 Case: 21-12927 Date Filed: 08/30/2022 Page: 4 of 6 4 Opinion of the Court 21-12927 F.4th 892, 897 (11th Cir. 2022) (quoting 42 U.S.C. § 405(a)). We determined that, because the promulgation of § 404.1520c was also not arbitrary and capricious, the new regulation abrogated our treating physician rule. Id. at 897–98. Here, Grant’s initial claim was not filed until June 12, 2017, after the date in which § 404.1520c took effect. Therefore, the new regulation applies and the ALJ did not err in applying § 404.1520c. B. An appellant abandons a claim, when, among other things, (a) he makes only passing references to it, (b) he raises it in a per- functory manner without supporting arguments and authority, (c) he refers to it only in the “statement of the case” or “summary of the argument,” or (d) the references to the issue are mere back- ground to the appellant’s main arguments or are buried within those arguments. Sapuppo v. Allstate Floridian Ins. Co., 739 F.3d 678, 681–82 (11th Cir. 2014). Further, we held in Harner that the appellant had “forfeited any challenge” to issues on appeal where the argument in the appellant’s brief consisted “only of block quo- tations from and cursory mentions of various decisions of this and other courts.” 38 F.4th at 898–99. Here, Grant’s brief consists largely of block quotations with only passing or conclusory references to how the law and the rel- evant facts relate. One issue that Grant raises is that the ALJ erred in not giving adequate weight to the testimony of Grant’s treating USCA11 Case: 21-12927 Date Filed: 08/30/2022 Page: 5 of 6 21-12927 Opinion of the Court 5 physician solely because the ALJ found the physician had made a “[s]tatement on issues reserved to the Commissioner.” 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520b(c)(3). Rather, the record reflects that the ALJ dis- counted the physician’s statement that Grant was not “able to work, or able to perform regular or continuing work.” 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520b(c)(3)(i). This was proper, as such a statement is “in- herently neither valuable nor persuasive.” 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520b(c). The ALJ provided grounds for finding the remain- der of the treating physician’s testimony unpersuasive independ- ent of the finding that the physician expressed an opinion on an issue reserved to the Commissioner. Therefore, the ALJ did not err and, to the extent Grant’s challenges are not forfeited, substantial evidence supports the ALJ’s finding that the treating physician’s opinion was otherwise not persuasive. II. Finally, Grant asserts that the ALJ’s findings were not sup- ported by substantial evidence because the ALJ did not properly weigh the opinions of Grant’s physicians and relied on vocational expert testimony that did not take into consideration the limita- tions expressed in those physicians’ opinions. To the extent these arguments are not forfeited, see Harner, 38 F.4th at 898, “[e]ven if the evidence preponderates against the Commissioner’s findings, we must affirm if the [ALJ’s] decision reached is supported by suf- ficient evidence. Crawford, 363 F.3d at 1158–59 (quoting Martin v. Sullivan, 894 F.2d 1520, 1529 (11th Cir. 1990)). That is to say, USCA11 Case: 21-12927 Date Filed: 08/30/2022 Page: 6 of 6 6 Opinion of the Court 21-12927 obtaining a reversal of a decision reviewed for substantial evi- dence is a high bar to clear. Here, Grant does not point to what specifically in the ALJ’s decision making process regarding the testifying witnesses he con- tends was erroneous. And Grant provides citation to no legal au- thority to support this argument. Therefore, substantial evidence supports the ALJ’s finding that the opinions of certain medical sources were partially persuasive or unpersuasive, as they either did not set out particular limitations or were inconsistent with the record. And substantial evidence supports the limitations the ALJ included in the hypothetical questions posed to the vocational ex- pert, as they were supported by the medical records. AFFIRMED.