dissenting. I would grant the defendant’s petition for certification raising the sole question of whether the Appellate Court abused its discretion by not vacating its order to dismiss the defendant’s appeal. Because I believe that the Appellate Court abused its discretion under the facts of this case, upon the granting of certification, I would summarily vacate the dismissal, and direct that the defendant file his brief in the Appellate Court within ten days. The state also *88urges that justice requires that we grant the petition for certification and summarily vacate the order of dismissal.
The relevant facts are as follows. The defendant, Richard Weber, was convicted of assault in the second degree on May 30, 1990, and on August 20, 1990, he was sentenced to a term of five years imprisonment. The trial court, Hadden, J., appointed the trial counsel, an assistant public defender, to prosecute the defendant’s appeal.
The trial transcript was not completed until January 8,1991. On February 11,1991, the Appellate Court granted the defendant’s first motion for an extension of time to file his brief on March 15, 1991; and, pursuant to a further request, the court granted an extension of time to April 15, 1991. On May 2, 1991, the Appellate Court granted a third motion for an extension of time with the following proviso: “This appeal will be dismissed unless the defendant-appellant’s brief is filed by June 3, 1991.” Each request for an extension of time was predicated on defense counsel’s representations that, as an assistant public defender, he was engaged in heavy appellate and trial caseloads that prevented him from reviewing the 950 pages of transcripts and preparing the appellate brief for the defendant. The Appellate Court was furnished the names of the cases assigned to counsel and the trial judge involved in those other matters.
On May 30, 1991, before the expiration of the last extension of time, defense counsel filed a motion to “rescind or amend the order of final extension,” seeking a further extension of thirty days. In the brief supporting the motion, he again detailed his onerous criminal assignments1 and added the following infor*89mation regarding a case for which he was presently trial counsel: “On May 20, 1990, jury selection [began] in State v. Terrence Gomez . . . before Judge William Hadden. Mr. Gomez is accused of felony murder, kidnapping, first degree, and conspiracy to commit kidnapping, first degree. Nine jurors have been selected as of the writing of this motion and Judge Hadden has informed prospective jurors that the case is likely to conclude sometime during the week of July 8th.” When each motion for an extension of time was filed, the state either urged the Appellate Court to grant the defendant’s motion or did not oppose it.
On June 26, 1991, the Appellate Court denied the defendant’s motion to rescind the court’s order and, on September 5, 1991, dismissed the defendant’s appeal. Thereafter, the defendant filed with this court a motion for review and a petition for certification, both of which were denied. On October 15,1991, counsel for the defendant filed his brief in the Appellate Court together with a motion for permission to file a late brief. The brief and motion were returned to him by the clerk *90of the court with the notation that the defendant’s case had been dismissed, and thus, nothing was pending. On October 16, 1991, the defendant filed a motion to rescind the court’s dismissal order and to reopen the case, which stated the following: “The appellant’s brief has been completed, and is being delivered to the clerk of the Appellate Court contemporaneously with this motion.” The state filed a response, again urging the Appellate Court to grant the defendant’s motion and to allow the late filing of the briefs. The Appellate Court’s denial of the motion on November 20, 1991, is the subject matter of this petition for certification.
Although the Appellate Court must be able to control its own docket, its discretion in doing so is not unbridled. In exercising our supervisory powers over the Appellate Court; Practice Book § 4127 (3); we are duty bound to determine whether the Appellate Court abused its discretion. I conclude that, in this instance, it did.
Fundamental fairness requires that when a person’s liberty is at stake, the ultimate sanction of dismissal of that person’s appeal for a violation of a court rule, even if the conduct of the criminal defendant is implicated, should be a last resort. We just recently emphasized that the severity of the preclusion sanction for the failure to comply with the rules of the court must be balanced with the defendant’s right to present a defense. State v. Genotti, 220 Conn. 796, 810-11, 601 A.2d 1013 (1992). When, however, the criminal defendant is not personally responsible for the violation of a rule, it is crystal clear that appellate courts must refrain from dismissing the appeal and should consider alternate sanctions against the attorney to control its docket. See Taylor v. Illinois, 484 U.S. 400, 431-32, 108 S. Ct. 646, 98 L. Ed. 2d 798 (1988) (Brennan, J., dissenting).2
*91In this case, even if it was appropriate to apply a balancing test to determine whether a sanction should be imposed on the defendant; see Taylor v. Illinois, supra; a factor of particular importance would be that the assistant public defender’s failure to abide by the rules was not “willful and motivated by a desire to obtain a tactical advantage.” Id., 415. It is quite obvious that the reason for the delay in filing the defendant’s brief in this case was the already heavy burden placed upon our overworked public defenders. The state recognized this in its reply to the petition for certification when it wrote: “The State of Connecticut does not, and has not, opposed the limited relief requested by the petitioner because the interests of justice dictate otherwise. There are, of course, instances when the conduct of the defendant, or his counsel, disentitled him to appellate redress. Further, the integrity [of] the appellate process itself may warrant the kind of action taken by the Appellate Court. In the state’s view, however, this is not a case warranting such action. Had there been an indication in the record that . . . [defense counsel] had been dilatory in the prosecution of this appeal, or that the defendant had, through his own conduct, disentitled himself to an appellate forum, the state would have advocated dismissal of the appeal and opposed its reinstatement. But the record does not indicate this. Rather, it indicates an overworked public defender doing his best to protect his client’s appellate rights without sacrificing his [other] clients’ rights to a fair trial and effective assistance of counsel at their criminal trials. The delay in this appeal, then, appears to be due to counsel’s mammoth caseload and not from his lack of regard for his responsibility to the Appellate Court.”
*92The court’s dismissal also deprived the defendant of his constitutional rights. “Although there is no constitutional right of appeal [under the federal constitution] . . . the right to appeal, once granted, invokes so significant a protection of liberty that it must be made available to all persons convicted of crimes.” (Citation omitted.) Gaines v. Manson, 194 Conn. 510, 515, 481 A.2d 1084 (1984). We also pointed out in Gaines that “ ‘[i]n the exercise of such a right, invidious discriminations, such as between rich and poor, implicate constitutional guarantees of due process and equal protection of the laws.” Id., 515-16, citing Douglas v. California, 372 U.S. 353, 355, 83 S. Ct. 814, 9 L. Ed. 2d 811 (1963). In this case, the avenues to the appellate process have not been “kept free of unreasoned distinctions”; Rinaldi v. Yeager, 384 U.S. 305, 310, 86 S. Ct. 1497, 16 L. Ed. 2d 577 (1966); when the state appoints an overburdened assistant public defender to prosecute an indigent defendant’s appeal, and the end result is that his appeal is dismissed on the basis of counsel’s inability to submit his brief within the time parameters set by the court because of other professional obligations. In this case, the avenues to appellate review have been barricaded. Surely this does not fulfill the indigent defendant’s constitutional right to be represented by counsel or his right to effective assistance of appellate counsel.
Finally, I cannot agree with the majority’s response that the defendant’s rights can be vindicated by proceedings in habeas corpus. It "may be an efficient method in the eyes of the majority, but efficiency is not the touchstone for liberty. Habeas corpus proceedings simply take time.3 This time weighs heavily on a person accused of a crime—whether or not he or she is incarcerated pending disposition of the case or out on *93bond—the continued psychological pressure of the criminal accusation hangs over the head of the accused. Also, the majority fails to appreciate that noncompliance with the rules was not the result of the doings of private counsel, but rather the overburdened public defender assigned by the state. And, in case we need a reminder, the appointment of counsel is not a matter of judicial grace, it is constitutionally mandated. I am unable to understand what the majority means by “extraordinary cause,” but I do understand what justice means. Accordingly, I dissent.
The defendant’s brief contained the following representations: “Counsel is an Assistant Public Defender in the New Haven Judicial District and *89is carrying an active trial caseload of major felony cases including six homicide cases. As of April 30, 1991, counsel carried an active pending felony caseload of thirty-three files awaiting jury trial. An additional six files are on counsel’s caseload at varying stages of the criminal process.
“Counsel has argued three cases before the Appellate Court over the last five weeks. They include: State v. Cayouette, A.C. 9101 on April 24, 1991; State v. Arline, A.C. 8463 on April 30, 1991; State v. Ortiz, A.C. 8932, on May 28, 1991.
“Additionally, counsel had three separate probable cause hearings scheduled over the last six weeks on newly assigned murder cases. These include: State v. Ham, CR6-338144 nolled on May 9, 1991 after considerable preparation; State v. Abdul Muhammad, CR6-339276, no probable cause found after hearing with substituted information charging manslaughter first degree filed thereafter on May 23, 1991; State v. Scott Lewis, CR6-340523, state elected not to proceed with probable cause hearing and filed substitute manslaughter charges in a double homicide case on May 30, 1991. Finally, counsel had an initial commitment proceeding at the Psychiatric Security Review Board concerning a recently acquitted client by reason of insanity on May 23, 1991.”
“In the absence of any evidence that a defendant played any part in an attorney’s willful [rule] violation, directly sanctioning the attorney is *91not only fairer but more effective in deterring violations (Emphasis in original.) Taylor v. Illinois, 484 U.S. 400, 433, 108 S. Ct. 646, 98 L. Ed. 2d 798 (1988) (Brennan, J., dissenting).
To require the defendant to go the route of habeas corpus also puts an additional burden on the judicial system, the public defenders and state’s attorneys. Surely, we could do without this additional litigation.