At an adjourned term of the circuit court of Jasper county, held in December, 1875, the defendant was indicted jointly with William Steeley for the murder of- Harvey Sitton, and at the same term, on his application, a change of venue was awarded to Dade county. At the April term of the Dade circuit court there was a trial of the cause, which resulted in the conviction of defendant of murder .in the first degree, and judgment was entered accordingly, from which defendant has appealed. A mo*221tion to quash, the indictment was overruled, and this is assigned as error. The grounds of objection to the indictment are that it does not, with sufficient particularity, allege when and where Harvey Sitton died of the wounds, which, it was charged, were inflicted upon him by the defendant, or when the act of shooting was done; second, that is is uncertain whether defendant or William Steeley is charged to have committed the offense.
i. indictment: ments as .to time, place and parties to the offense.
The indictment charges that on or about-day of-A. H. 1871, at the county of Jasper, in the State of Missouri, John and William Steely made an assault upon Harvey Sitton with certain . , . , . pistols, which they, said John and William, in each of their right hands had and held, and did then and there shoot off' and discharge at, upon, &c. It alleges that John and William Steeley did then and there, on purpose, &c., and of his malice aforethought, shoot off'and discharge, &e. It alleges that of the mortal wounds inflicted upon him, “ the said Harvey Sitton, did then and there instantly die.” Neither-the case of Lester v. The State, 9 Mo. 658, nor the State v. Sides, 64 Mo. 383, sustains the objections to this indictment. The language of the indictment in Lester v. The State was “ of which the said Scott did instantly die,” and in the State v. Sides the language was that deceased “did immediately languish, and languishing did die.” In the case at bar, the indictment states when the wounds were inflicted upon the deceased, and where it occurred, and the word “ then ” has relation to that time, and “ there” to the place previously stated. It contains the very words which Napton, J., held, in Lester v. The State, would have made the indictment good in that case. The word used in the State v. Sides, “ languish,” imports that the death was not instantaneous, and the deceased may have languished more than a year and a day before he died, and the averment in the indictment have been true.
It is urged that it is not clear whether it charges that *222defendant or William Steeley committed the offense, but we think it sufficiently clear that both are charged. It is alleged that each had a pistol in his hand, and substantially that each of his malice did the shooting. The ambiguity arises from the use of the words “ his malice,” instead of “ their malice; ” but a reasonable construction of the charge, taking all the allegations together, removes the obscurity and makes it sufficiently clear what was meant. Although inartificially drawn, the indictment is substantially good, stating all the facts necessary to constitute the ci’ime of murder in the first degree, and in proper language. It is not like the indictment held bad in the case of the State v. Gray, 21 Mo. 492. Several were there indicted, and it was charged that they, with a knife which they then and there, with their right hand held, made an assault, &c. Scott, Judge, said: “ This is an impossibility. It is on the face of it false, and must be bad.” In the case at bar the charge is that each had a pistol in his right hand and made the assault, &c.
2 jurors- per-g^tostatelamust firsl°UIlce k01'8
It appears by the bill of exceptions that after the venire of forty jurors had been made, and a certified list lia(^ been delivered to the State’s attorney, an1^ one to the accused, the State’s attorney refused to exhibit his peremptory challenges to defendant’s counsel, who claimed the right to see which challenges had been made by the State before the defendant should be required to make his; but his application to the court to require the State’s attorney to exhibit to defendant his challenges was refused, and he was compelled to make his challenges without first being allowed to know who was challenged by the State. Sec. 21, Wag. Stat., page 800, provides that, “in the trial of civil causes, each party shall be entitled to challenge peremptorily three jurors ; but when there are several plaintiff's and defendants, they shall join in their challenges, and the plaintiff shall, in all cases, announce his challenges first.” Sec. 16, Wag. Stat., 1103, provides that “ the proceeding prescribed by *223law in civil cases in respect to impaneling of jurors, the keeping them together, and the manner of rendering 'their verdict, shall be had upon trials of indictment and prosecutions for criminal offenses, except in cases otherwise provided by statute.” It was clearly the duty of the attorney for the State to announce his challenges, and defendant could not legally be required to make his challenges until 'this was done. It is a right secured to the defendant by the express provisions of the statute, and it was error to deprive him of it, and such an error as makes it imperative on this court to reverse the judgment and remand the cause.
All concur, except Norton, Judge, not sitting.Reversed.