FILED
NOT FOR PUBLICATION FEB 20 2013
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS U .S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 09-10234
Plaintiff - Appellee, D.C. No. 1:08-CR-00022-1
v.
MEMORANDUM *
YONG MING SONG,
Defendant - Appellant.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Northern Mariana Islands
Alex R. Munson, Chief District Judge, Presiding
Argued and Submitted February 11, 2013
Honolulu, Hawaii
Before: GRABER, BYBEE, and CHRISTEN, Circuit Judges.
Yong Ming Song was convicted of Possession of a Controlled Substance
within 1000 Feet of a School with Intent to Distribute under 21 U.S.C. §§
841(a)(1) and 860(a), and appeals his conviction and sentence. We have
jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
Defendant argues that the sentencing penalties under 21 U.S.C. § 860(a)
should not apply. Even assuming that lack of voluntary presence is a defense to §
860(a), the factual record in this case does not support such a defense.
Defendant argues that he has a defense of sentencing entrapment or
manipulation. Even assuming he has not waived this argument, Defendant’s
sentencing entrapment and manipulation claims fail. Defendant’s decision as to the
route he took was not influenced by law enforcement. See Sherman v. United
States, 356 U.S. 369, 372 (1958); see also United States v. Riewe, 165 F.3d 727,
729 (9th Cir. 1999) (per curiam). Moreover, since Defendant committed a traffic
violation, the officer’s motives for pulling him over are irrelevant. See Whren v.
United States, 517 U.S. 806, 813 (1996).
AFFIRMED.