Order Michigan Supreme Court
Lansing, Michigan
December 20, 2007 Clifford W. Taylor,
Chief Justice
128560 Michael F. Cavanagh
Elizabeth A. Weaver
Marilyn Kelly
H.A. SMITH LUMBER & HARDWARE CO., Maura D. Corrigan
Plaintiff/Counter- Robert P. Young, Jr.
Stephen J. Markman,
Defendant/Appellee, Justices
v SC: 128560
COA: 238521
Oakland CC: 1999-015436-CZ
JOHN DECINA,
Defendant/Cross-
Defendant/Appellant,
and
JOHN DECINA DEVELOPMENT CO.,
Third Party Defendant/Cross-
Defendant/Counter-Plaintiff/
Appellant,
and
LINAS P. GOBIS and LYDIA K. GOBIS,
Defendants/Cross-Plaintiffs/
Cross-Defendants/Counter-
Defendants/Appellees,
and
WILLIAM GARDELLA d/b/a WILLIAMS
GLASS CO.,
Defendant/Counter-Plaintiff/
Cross/Plaintiff/ Third Party
Plaintiff/Appellee.
_________________________________________/
On November 8, 2007, the Court heard oral argument on the application for leave
to appeal the March 3, 2005, judgment of the Court of Appeals. On order of the Court,
the application is again considered. MCR 7.302(G)(1). In lieu of granting leave to
appeal, we REVERSE the judgment of the Court of Appeals. To be awarded attorney
fees as a “prevailing party” under MCL 570.1118(2), the party must prevail on the lien
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foreclosure action. In this case, the unpaid subcontractors filed a lien foreclosure action
against the property owners and a breach of contract action against the general contractor.
The subcontractors lost on their lien claim but prevailed on the breach of contract claim.
While the statute allows a lien claimant to bring an underlying contract action at the same
time as the lien foreclosure action, it does not preclude the option of bringing the two
actions separately. MCL 570.1117(5). If the subcontractors had chosen to bring their
breach of contract claims against the general contractor as a separate action, they would
not have been allowed to recover attorney fees. The language of MCL 570.1118(2) does
not permit recovery of attorney fees on the contract action merely because it was brought
together with the lien foreclosure action. Accordingly, we VACATE the portion of the
Oakland Circuit Court order granting attorney fees to plaintiff H.A. Smith Lumber &
Hardware Company and defendant William Gardella d/b/a Williams Glass Company.
CAVANAGH, J., dissents and states as follows:
The majority’s order vacating the award of attorney fees is flawed because it fails
to address the actual language of the Construction Lien Act (CLA), MCL 570.1101 et
seq., and it fails to honor the CLA’s provision that it “shall be liberally construed to
secure the beneficial results, intents, and purposes of this act.” MCL 570.1302(1). A
purpose of the CLA is to prevent subcontractors from bearing the costs of litigation every
time their work goes uncompensated. I presume that subcontractors will often be in the
position where they must pursue their claims against a general contractor who has been
paid, as here. To do so, subcontractors must plead the underlying contract.
The statute appears to include such claims in its attorneys-fee provision. It does
not expressly preclude them. It states that “[i]n each action in which enforcement of a
construction lien through foreclosure is sought, the court shall examine each claim and
defense that is presented, and determine the amount, if any, due to each lien claimant
. . . .” MCL 570.1118(2). “Each claim” must include more than just the lien claim. The
statute further provides that “[t]he court may allow reasonable attorneys’ fees to a lien
claimant who is the prevailing party.” Id. The subcontractors here were “lien claimants.”
The trial court found that their liens were valid, but simply did not attach because the
owners had paid the general contractor. The subcontractors were prevailing parties: they
prevailed on the underlying contract claims against the general contractor. Because the
general contractor had been paid, the contract claims were the subcontractors’ only
recourse for the payment that the lien was meant to secure.
Guided by the statute’s aim to relieve unpaid contractors of the financial burden of
litigation, I would deny leave to appeal.
KELLY, J., joins the statement of CAVANAGH, J.
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WEAVER, J., dissents and states as follows:
I dissent from the majority’s order reversing the judgment of the Court of Appeals.
Instead, I would affirm the Court of Appeals affirmance of the trial court’s grant of
attorney fees to H. A. Smith Lumber and Hardware Company and William Gardella, for
the reasons stated in the Court of Appeals opinion.
I, Corbin R. Davis, Clerk of the Michigan Supreme Court, certify that the
foregoing is a true and complete copy of the order entered at the direction of the Court.
December 20, 2007 _________________________________________
t1213 Clerk