In re McGilton

DRUMMOND, Circuit Judge.

The facts in this case are, that John McGilton and his partners were declared bankrupts by the decree of the district court. Assignees were appointed, and made application to the district court to sell some real estate on which were certain liens and incumbrances. The petition to the district court set forth the character and amount of the incumbrances, and asked that they have leave to sell the real estate, subject thereto. The' district court thereupon made an order authorizing the assignees to sell the real estate subject to the incumbrances named. No mention in that petition was made of the judgment of Corbett against the bankrupts, nor any other liens than those described in the petition, nor did Corbett have any notice of the application.

Samuel A. Jewett was the purchaser at the sale. Thereupon a report was made by the assignees to the court, setting forth the application, the incumbrances, sale of the property, and purchase by Mr. Jewett; also declaring in the report that the sale was made “free and clear of all other liens and incumbrances, except those named.”

The sale was confirmed by the district court. The particular order by which the sale was confirmed is not set out in the petition. The language of the petition is that the report of sale was confirmed; but in the absence of any evidence of the particular phraseology of the order by which the confirmation was made, the inference must be that it was simply an order confirming the sale.

The proceeds of the sale were distributed under the order of the court, exclusively in defraying the costs and expenses. The in-cumbrances, it should be borne in mind, .upon the property, amounted to quite a large sum — over twenty thousand dollars, as stated in the petition — which of course the purchaser had to pay in order to get a title to the property.

After these proceedings took place in the district court, Robert Corbett made application to the district court to obtain satisfaction of a judgment1 which he had against the bankrupts, and which he claimed was a lien upon their real estate, and asked that it should be paid out of money in the hands of the assignees, or that he should have satisfaction out of the property of the bankrupts. After hearing this application, upon answer made by the assignees, and by Mr. Jewett, the purchaser at the sale, the district court made an order authorizing Corbett to proceed by execution, and have his judgment satisfied against the property. This judgment had been recovered in a state court, against the bankrupts more than six months before proceedings in bankruptcy were commenced.

It is this order which the petitioner Jewett seeks, under the second section of the bankrupt law, to set aside, on the ground that the sale was made of the property free from all incumbrances, and that the purchaser acquired a good title.

It will be observed from the statement which has been made, that the petition of the assignees to the district court simply requested, and the order of the court directed, that the property should be sold subject to the liens specified. It made no reference whatever to any other" liens. It was not asked, nor was it authorized, that the property should be sold free and clear from all ineumbiances other than those named.

And when the report was made, it contained what was not in the petition, nor in the order of the court, namely, that it was sold free of all incumbrances, except those named. That was inserted in the report, and, as I think, without authority.

Now, under such circumstances, it is clear, if it be conceded that the district court had the right (as to which I give no opinion) to effect the sale of the property free and clear of all incumbrances, by a simple ratification of the language of the report, then it should explicitly appear in the order of confirmation that the report was confirmed, and that the sale, which it is alleged the assignees made free from all incumbrances except those named, was confirmed as such, so as to show that the court acted upon that part of the report, and confirmed the sale by making it free and clear from all other in-cumbrances.

That would be indispensably necessary, I think, under the circumstances, in order to make it binding upon the court, because it could be only effectual by a ratification brought home to the knowledge of the court of this clause in the report of the assignees. *110They were acting under a power. They were bound to follow the instructions of the power. If it was sought to be enlarged the court ought to have known of that enlargement, and ratified and confirmed it as such. Now, there is nothing to show, except what appears upon the face of the record, that this particular part of the report was brought to the knowledge of the court, and that it ratified that part. On the contrary, it is apparent, from the opinion of the district judge in deciding the question, that it was not done.

NOTE. As to the power of the court or bankruptcy to sell property free from liens, the liens being transferred to the funds in court, consult, also. In re Stewart ICase No. 13.41SJ: In re Barrows [Id. 1,037]: In re Schnepf [Itl. 12,471]; In re Salmons [Id. 12.20S]: Foster v. Ames [Id. 4.0(15]. In which latter case the authorities under the act of 1841 [5 Stat. 440] are examined, and declared applicable to the present act. Unless by order of the court, the assignee soils subject to any and all lawful incumbrances. In re Mebane [Case No. 9.380]; Kelly v. Strange [Id. 7.07(1],

It is said in the petition that at the sale Mr. Corbett was present by his counsel, and made no objection. It does not appear what action the court took upon this .point, or whether there was any proof heard before the court In. other words, it does not appear that the district court considered the question, or decided that Corbett, by being present through his counsel at the sale, and making no objection, was estopped from setting up a claim under his judgment. And therefore this court cannot consider that as a question properly before it for revision. Concede that were so — that by being present at the sale under certain circumstances, and making no objection, he would be estopped— it is sufficient to say that if he were present at the sale, which is denied by an informal answer put in, all that appears is that he was present with the knowledge of the authority which had been given, to sell, subject to certain judgments; and Corbett's judgment was not named in the list, neither in the petition nor in the order of the court, nor in the report of the assignees, nor in the confirmation in any way. And the district court never had any knowledge, it is fair to presume, of this judgment, until the petition was filed by Corbett. So that if he was present at the sale by his counsel, he was present in contemplation of law only with knowledge of those facts which were stated in the petition of the assignees, and in the order of the court. Whether he would be bound by an unauthorized statement made by the assignees at the sale, might admit of serious question.

We must concede that the bankrupt court had control of the property, because it was a simple lien, and the bankrupts owned the property, subject to the lien, and it passed to the assignees as the property of the bankrupts, subject to the lieu. Still, if valid and subsisting, it could not be destroyed so long as the property which was bound by it remained under the control of the assignees, and of the court. Now, in the case as it is presented, the court must presume that this lien was a valid and subsisting lien, that it was not in violation of the bankrupt act, and I have no doubt, therefore, that the judgment of the district court was right— that this party is entitled to have satisfaction out of the property of the bankrupts.

It is to be observed that Corbett could not proceed upon his judgment without the consent of the bankrupt court. It is sometimes the ease that creditors, who have judgments, proceed to sell the property covered by the lien of the judgment, .where it has passed by law to the assignees; but the courts have uniformly held those sales were invalid, if made without authority of the bankrupt court. If it be admitted the court, where there are liens on real property of the bankrupt, can order it to be sold free from the liens, to marshal the assets and pay off the liens, it is equally competent for the court to authorize the creditor to proceed in the usual way to collect his judgment, if that course seems best for the estate.

The decree, therefore, of the district court will be affirmed, without prejudice to the right of the assignees to contest the judgment which Corbett has obtained, if they are advised that it can be done as being in fraud of the bankrupt act, or otherwise invalid.