Filed 5/14/13 P. v. Rainer CA2/5
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION FIVE
THE PEOPLE, B243921
Plaintiff and Respondent, (Los Angeles County
Super. Ct. No. MA043795)
v.
WILLIAM RAINER,
Defendant and Appellant.
APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of the County of Los Angeles,
Bernie C. LaForteza, Judge. Affirmed.
Stephanie L. Gunther, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant
and Appellant.
No appearance for Plaintiff and Respondent.
INTRODUCTION
Defendant and appellant William Rainer (defendant) pleaded no contest to two
counts of battery by a prisoner on a non-confined person (Pen. Code, § 4501.51), and he
was subsequently found to be in violation of his probation. On appeal, appointed counsel
for defendant filed an opening brief in accordance with People v. Wende (1979) 25
Cal.3d 436 requesting that this court conduct an independent review of the record to
determine if there are any issues which if resolved in defendant‟s favor would require
reversal or modification of the judgment. On March 22, 2013, we gave notice to
defendant that his counsel had failed to find any arguable issues and that defendant had
30 days within which to submit by brief or letter any grounds of appeal, contentions, or
arguments he wished this court to consider. We granted defendant an extension of time
through and including May 11, 2013, within which to file his brief. Defendant filed a
letter brief in which he contends that the criminal action be “dismiss[ed]” because he was
found to be in violation of his probation by a different trial judge than the trial judge who
originally placed him on probation, and because he did not receive a timely preliminary
hearing in a prior dismissed case, his constitutional and statutory rights were violated.
We have reviewed the record and affirm the judgment.
BACKGROUND
On May 26, 2009, defendant plead no contest to two counts of battery by a
prisoner on a non-confined person in violation of section 4501.5. The trial court
sentenced defendant to state prison for a term of 4 years, execution of the sentence was
suspended, and defendant was placed on formal probation for a period of three years.
Defendant was ordered to pay certain fines and fees, including the cost of his probation
services.
On June 17, 2010, the trial court revoked defendant‟s probation and issued a bench
warrant for defendant‟s arrest after defendant failed to appear at a hearing pursuant to the
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All statutory citations are to the Penal Code unless otherwise noted.
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probation department‟s warrant request. On September 16, 2010, a probation officer
submitted a report stating that defendant violated the terms of his probation by failing to
report to probation as directed and to make certain required payments. On September 28,
2010, defendant admitted that he violated the terms of his probation by failing to report to
probation as directed. The trial court sentenced defendant to a term of 365 days in county
jail with a “waiver of all back time credits,” reinstated defendant‟s probation, and ordered
defendant to report for financial evaluation.
On July 1, 2011, a probation officer submitted a report stating that defendant
violated the terms of his probation by failing to make certain required payments and to
report for financial evaluation. The trial court revoked defendant‟s probation. On July
21, 2011, the trial court ordered defendant to meet with the financial advisor and to make
payments as directed by the probation department, and that defendant‟s probation be
reinstated.
On May 2, 2012, the trial court revoked defendant‟s probation for failing to report
to probation as directed. On August 24, 2012, after a violation of probation hearing, the
trial court—a different trial judge than the trial judge who originally placed defendant on
probation on May 26, 2009—found that defendant violated the terms of his probation.
The trial court ordered that the sentence previously imposed and suspended on May 26,
2009, be “placed into full force and effect.” The trial court sentenced defendant to state
prison for a term of four years, and awarded defendant 73 days of custody credit
consisting of 37 days of actual custody credit and 36 days of conduct credit. On
September 10, 2012, defendant filed a notice of appeal of the August 24, 2012, judgment.
DISCUSSION
A. Violation of Probation
Defendant contends that “a peremptory writ of mandate be issue[d] commanding
[the trial] court to dismiss the action against” him because the “matter [of his probation]
violation should have been” adjudicated by the trial judge who, on May 26, 2009,
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originally placed him on probation instead of the trial judge who, on August 24, 2012,
found defendant to be in violation of his probation and ordered that his original May 26,
2009, sentence be placed in full force and effect. We disagree.
Defendant‟s request that we issue a peremptory writ of mandate directing the trial
court to dismiss the action is not appropriate because defendant filed an appeal, not a
petition for writ of mandate. Moreover, defendant does not establish that he is entitled to
any relief. The trial judge who placed defendant on probation stated at the time, “[Y]ou
are going to be on probation to me since I am responsible for this and can monitor
you . . . .” Characterizing this as a statement by the trial judge who placed him on
probation that she “would perform the sentencing function” if defendant violated
probation, defendant argues that he relied on that statement when he pleaded no contest
on May 26, 2009 to two counts for violation of section 4501.5.
In People v. Arbuckle (1978) 22 Cal.3d 749 (Arbuckle), the court stated: “As a
general principle . . . whenever a judge accepts a plea bargain and retains sentencing
discretion under the agreement, an implied term of the bargain is that sentence will be
imposed by that judge. Because of the range of dispositions available to a sentencing
judge, the propensity in sentencing demonstrated by a particular judge is an inherently
significant factor in the defendant's decision to enter a guilty plea.” (Id. at pp. 756-757.)
The court in Arbuckle ruled that “[b]ecause the defendant has been denied that aspect of
his plea bargain, the sentence imposed by another judge cannot be allowed to stand.” (Id.
at p. 757.)
After the trial court ruled on August 24, 2012, that defendant had violated the
terms of his probation, defendant objected on the ground that his rights under Arbuckle,
supra, 22 Cal.3d 749, had not been waived. Arbuckle, however, is inapplicable. The trial
judge who accepted defendant‟s May 26, 2009, no contest plea bargain imposed sentence
on defendant, and then suspended that sentence and placed defendant on formal probation
for a period of three years. Arbuckle does not require that the trial judge who accepts the
plea bargain and imposes sentence must also preside over any subsequent probation
revocation hearing.
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Moreover, even if Arbuckle, supra, 22 Cal.3d 749 were applicable, defendant
waived or forfeited any such right under that case because he did not timely object at the
August 24, 2012, hearing on that ground. “Failing to timely object to a purported error
when it occurs in the trial court ordinarily waives the objection on appeal. (Jensen v.
BMW of North America, Inc. (1995) 35 Cal.App.4th 112, 131 [41 Cal.Rptr.2d 295].)”
(Padilla v. Greater El Monte Community Hospital (2005) 129 Cal.App.4th 667, 670.)
The failure to object when faced with a different sentencing judge constitutes a waiver of
the right to enforce the implied term of the plea bargain if “the record demonstrate[s] the
defendant‟s knowledge of his Arbuckle rights . . . .” (People v. Rosaia (1984) 157
Cal.App.3d 832, 840, overruled on other grounds as stated in People v. Horn (1989) 213
Cal.App.3d 701, 708.) Defendant failed to object on the ground that his rights under
Arbuckle, supra, 22 Cal.3d 749 would be violated before the trial court ruled on August
24, 2012, but he objected after the trial court ruled. Defendant, therefore, knew of his
Arbuckle rights but nonetheless waived or forfeited those rights by failing to timely
object.
In addition, even if Arbuckle, supra, 22 Cal.3d 749 were applicable and defendant
did not waive or forfeit his rights under that case, “„“[i]t is not always an implied term of
a plea bargain that the judge who accepts the plea will impose the sentence; rather, the
record must affirmatively demonstrate some basis upon which a defendant may
reasonably expect that the judge who accepts the plea will retain sentencing discretion.
[Citation.]” [Citation.]‟” (People v. Horn, supra, 213 Cal.App.3d at pp. 707-708.) We
conclude that defendant‟s characterization of the statement by the trial judge who placed
defendant on probation would sentence defendant if he violated probation is
unreasonable. Merely because the trial judge said at the time of accepting defendant‟s
plea bargain that she was responsible for this matter, and can monitor defendant‟s
probation, it does not reasonably mean that this would occur for a period extending to
when defendant completed his probation requirements, or that she would preside over
any subsequent probation revocation hearing. Furthermore, the lack of a timely objection
at the August 24, 2012, hearing suggests that defendant did not enter his May 26, 2009,
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plea in reliance on or with the understanding that the judge accepting his plea would also
preside over any subsequent probation revocation hearing. (People v. Horn, supra, 213
Cal.App.3d at p. 709.)
B. Prior Case
Defendant contends that because he was not provided with a timely preliminary
hearing in one of his prior cases—case number MA 036195—his constitutional rights of
due process, of equal protection, and to a speedy trial were violated. Defendant,
however, appealed his August 24, 2012, judgment—in case number MA 043795—
finding him in violation of his probation. He did not appeal any judgment or appealable
order regarding case number MA 036195. Case number MA 036195 was dismissed in
January 2007.
C. Review
In addition to reviewing and addressing the matters raised in defendant‟s letter
brief, we have made an independent examination of the entire record to determine if there
are any other arguable issues on appeal. Based on that review, we have determined that
there are no other arguable issues on appeal. We are therefore satisfied that defendant‟s
counsel has fully complied with counsel‟s responsibilities under People v. Wende, supra,
25 Cal.3d 436.
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DISPOSITION
The judgment is affirmed.
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS.
MOSK, J.
We concur:
ARMSTRONG, Acting P. J.
KRIEGLER, J.
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