The indictment is based on the act of March 3, 1905, the first and second sections of which read as follows:
“That the Secretary of Agriculture is authorized and directed to quarantine any state or territory or the District of Columbia, or any portion of any state or territory or the District of Columbia, when he shall determine the fact that cattle or other live stock in such state or territory or District of Columbia, are affected with any contagious, infectious, or communicable disease ; and the Secretary of Agriculture is directed to give written or printed notice of the establishment'of quarantine to the proper officers of railroad, steamboat, or other transportation companies doing business in or through any quarantined state or territory or the District of Columbia, and to publish in such newspapers in the quarantined state or territory or the District of Columbia, as the Secretary of Agriculture may select, notice of the establishment of quarantine.
“Sec*. 2. That no railroad company or the owners or masters of any steam or sailing or other vessel or boat, shall receive for transportation or transport from any quarantined state or territory or the District of Columbia, or from the quarantined portion of any state or territory or the District of Columbia, into any other state or territory or the District of Columbia, any c-attle or other live stock, except as hereinafter provided: nor shall any person, company, or corporation deliver for such transportation to any railroad company, or to the master or owner of any boat or vessel any cattle or other live stock, except as hereinafter provided; nor shall any person, company, or corporation drive on foot or cause to be driven on foot, or transport in private conveyance or cause to be transported in private conveyance, from a quarantined, state or territory or the District of Columbia, or from the quarantined portion of any stale or territory or .the District of Columbia, into any other state or territory or the District of "Columbia, any cattle or other live stock, except as hereinafter provided.”
83 State 1234 c. 1496 (U. S. Comp. St. Supp. 1909, p. 1185).
Owing to the pressure of official engagements the court can do little more than state its conclusions.
1. It was the intention of Congress, as manifested by the second section of the act, to punish only the carrier which transports cattle from a quarantined district, and not the carrier to which cattle may be subsequently delivered by the first carrier for transportation, although they may be from such a district. To be more specific: According to the allegations of the indictment, the Chicago, Rock Island & 'Pacific Railway Company received in Texas county, Okl., and transported to New Mexico, and there delivered to the defendant, the two head of cattle in question. The cattle were then transported by the defendant *848to El Paso, Tex. Construing the law, as applied to the allegations of the indictment, the carrier amenable to punishment, if justified by all the evidence of the case, would be the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway Company, and not the defendant, since the latter did not transport, from a quarantined district, cattle to be transported into any state or territory. In other words, the initial carrier, receiving or transporting the cattle, and not subsequent ones, would be punishable under the act.
2. It is objected by the second ground of demurrer that the indictment does not name the officers to whom the Secretary of Agriculture gave the printed notice of the establishment of quarantine. The indictment alleges that the printed notice vwas given to the “proper officers’' of the defendant. The allegation is a mere legal conclusion, and manifestly insufficient. The indictment should give the name of the officei’ to whom the notice was given.
3. The objection assigned by the fifth clause of the demurrer is that the indictment is defective in failing to show that the Secretary of Agriculture had established a quarantine district, for the reason that it fails to disclose that he had published notice of the establishment of quarantine as the law required. The first section of the act explicitly' directs the Secretary, not only to give written or printed notice of the establishment of quarantine to the proper officers of the carriers, but to publish in such newspapers, in the quarantine district, as he may select, notice of the establishment of quarantine. The publication of the statutory notice is a prerequisite to the conviction of one charged with crime, and the indictment should clearly allege the fact of such publication. The allegation that the Secretary duly and legally established quarantine states only the conclusion of the pleader, as matter of law, which is not sufficient in criminal pleading. See United States v. Rouisville & N. R. R. Co. (D. C.) 165 Fed. 936.
The court is of the opinion that the demurrers should be sustained, and it is so ordered.