1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO
2 ALFRED LUNA,
3 Plaintiff-Appellant,
4 v. NO. 29,298
5 GROUP I
6 ANDERSON LIVING TRUST,
7 JESSIE LUCERO, LA MERCED DEL
8 MANZANO GRANT a/k/a MANZANO
9 LAND GRANT, DONALD ANDERSON,
10 and MELA ANDERSON, Trustees,
11 GROUP II
12 MABEL OTERO,
13 Defendants-Appellees.
14 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF TORRANCE COUNTY
15 Edmond H. Kase, III, District Judge
16 Alfred Luna
17 Estancia, NM
18 Pro Se Appellant
19 Catherine F. Davis
20 Albuquerque, NM
21 for Group I Appellees
1 Law & Resource Planning Associates, P.C.
2 Charles T. Dumars
3 Albuquerque, NM
4 for Group II Appellee
5 MEMORANDUM OPINION
6 VIGIL, Judge.
7 Plaintiff is appealing, pro se, from a district court judgment granting summary
8 judgment in favor of Defendants. We issued a calendar notice proposing to affirm.
9 Plaintiff has responded with a memorandum in opposition. We affirm.
10 The district court granted Defendants’ motion to dismiss on res judicata
11 grounds. Because matters outside of the pleadings were considered [RP 45-76],
12 Defendants’ motion was converted to a motion for summary judgment. See Knippel
13 v. N. Commc’n, Inc., 97 N.M. 401, 402, 640 P.2d 507, 508 (Ct. App. 1982).
14 “Summary judgment is proper if there are no genuine issues of material fact and the
15 movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Roth v. Thompson, 113 N.M. 331,
16 334, 825 P.2d 1241, 1244 (1992). When a party makes a prima facie showing of
17 summary judgment, the burden shifts to the party opposing the motion to come
18 forward with specific material facts that would make a trial necessary. Id. at 334-35,
19 825 P.2d at 1244-45. We look to the whole record to see if a material fact issue
20 exists. Id. at 335, 825 P.2d at 1245.
21 For the res judicata bar to apply, Defendants had to establish the following
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1 elements: (1) the second suit involves the same parties or parties in privity; (2) the
2 same identity of capacity or character of persons for or against whom the claim is
3 made; (3) the same subject matter; and (4) the same cause of action in both suits.
4 Wolford v. Lasater, 1999-NMCA-024, ¶ 5, 126 N.M. 614, 973 P.2d 866. There must
5 also have been a final decision on the merits. Id. New Mexico applies a
6 “transactional analysis” to determine whether the new claim is barred. See Anaya v.
7 City of Albuquerque, 1996-NMCA-092, ¶ 7, 122 N.M. 326, 924 P.2d 735. Under this
8 analysis, a party may not avoid preclusion by simply changing the legal theory, and
9 the focus instead is whether the actions arose out of the same nucleus of operative
10 facts. Id.¶ 8.
11 Here, Plaintiff’s complaint alleged that Defendants had obtained their title to
12 the disputed property through fraudulent conveyance. [RP 1] As Defendants noted in
13 their motion to dismiss, the disputed property was the subject of a prior quiet title
14 action, where the district court ruled in Defendants’ favor in a 2007 judgment that was
15 affirmed by this Court in January 2008. [RP 41, 50, 56] Not only is it undisputed that
16 Plaintiff was a party to that litigation, but he had specifically raised a fraud claim at
17 that time. [RP 61, 123-24] Therefore, whether we apply a broad transactional analysis,
18 or whether we look to the specific claims involved in the prior suit, we reach the same
19 conclusion, that Plaintiff’s complaint for fraud is barred under the doctrine of res
20 judicata. If, as Plaintiff claims in his memorandum in opposition [but see RP 45, 123-
21 24], the district court in the prior action never reached the fraud issue, he should have
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1 raised that issue in his prior appeal. To the extent that Plaintiff would like to convert
2 his complaint into a Rule 1-060(B)(3) NMRA motion based on fraud [MIO 3], the
3 complaint was filed outside of the time limits permitted under that Rule. See Rule 1-
4 060(B)(6). He could have made this motion notwithstanding the fact that he had
5 appealed from the prior judgment. More to the point, we believe that his fraud claim
6 is simply a restatement of his earlier fraud claims.
7 Finally, to the extent that Plaintiff is attempting to amend his docketing
8 statement to raise additional issues [MIO 6], we deny his motion because these issues
9 are subject to the res judicata bar as well. See Rule 12-208(F) NMRA (requiring good
10 cause to amend docketing statement); see generally State v. Moore, 109 N.M. 119,
11 128-29, 782 P.2d 91, 100-01 (Ct. App. 1989).
12 For the reasons set forth above, we affirm.
13 IT IS SO ORDERED.
14 _______________________________
15 MICHAEL E. VIGIL, Judge
16 WE CONCUR:
17 ________________________________
18 JAMES J. WECHSLER, Judge
19 ________________________________
20 CELIA FOY CASTILLO, Judge
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