Hobart v. Ferebee

#24885, 25081-a-PER CURIAM

2009 SD 101

IN THE SUPREME COURT
OF THE
STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA

* * * *

STEVEN HOBART, Petitioner and Appellee,

v.

GEORGE FEREBEE, Respondent and Appellant.

* * * *

APPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT
OF THE SEVENTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
PENNINGTON COUNTY, SOUTH DAKOTA

* * * *

HONORABLE A. P. FULLER
Judge

* * * *
LINDA LEA M. VIKEN
Viken Law Firm Attorneys for petitioner
Rapid City, South Dakota and appellee.

TIMOTHY R. JOHNS
Johns & Kosel, Prof. LLC Attorneys for respondent
Lead, South Dakota and appellant.

* * * *

CONSIDERED ON BRIEFS
AUGUST 24, 2009

OPINION FILED 11/24/09
#24885, 25081

PER CURIAM

[¶1.] George Ferebee appeals three orders awarding Steven Hobart

attorney’s fees totaling $12,445.91 incurred in responding to a series of motions

brought by Ferebee in a protection order case. The appeals have been consolidated

for purposes of briefing and a decision by this Court.1 We affirm.

FACTS

Background

[¶2.] These appeals arise out of a long-standing feud between rural

Pennington County neighbors George Ferebee (Ferebee) and Steven Hobart

(Hobart). The two men have had a series of serious disputes for well over two

decades. During that time, they have exchanged numerous accusations and

complaints about insolent, devious, destructive, and even assaultive behavior. For

example, Hobart once accused Ferebee of making death threats against his family.

Ferebee reported on another occasion that Hobart’s son tried to hit him with an

automobile. Ultimately, Hobart and Ferebee obtained protection orders against

each other and, later, extensions of those orders. In 2003, Hobart obtained a new

protection order against Ferebee which Ferebee appealed to this Court. Ferebee

obtained a reversal of some of the provisions of that order in this Court’s decision in

Hobart v. Ferebee, 2004 SD 138, 692 NW2d 509.

[¶3.] Following the 2004 Hobart decision, Ferebee began a campaign of

litigation against Hobart by filing numerous motions for reconsideration,

modification, or clarification of various aspects of the protection orders in place

1. This is also a companion case to Ferebee v. Hobart, 2009 SD 102, ___ NW2d
___.
#24885, 25081

between the two men. As soon as the trial court would decide one motion and

resolve one matter, Ferebee would immediately follow it up with a new motion and

an allegedly new issue for consideration. In reality, Ferebee simply recycled many

of his prior arguments and attempted to relitigate matters previously decided.

Nevertheless, these tactics generated extensive paperwork and a number of trial

court hearings. Thus, a relatively straightforward protection order case grew into a

five volume court file. While Ferebee did receive some assistance and advice from

counsel in his litigation, most of his work was pro se while Hobart retained counsel

and incurred extensive attorney’s fees.

Ferebee’s Motion to Dismiss Hobart's Protection Order

[¶4.] Against the above backdrop, on September 10, 2007, Ferebee filed a

motion to dimiss a protection order granted to Hobart, claiming that the order had

expired. Hobart resisted on res judicata grounds, alleging that the duration of the

protection order was fixed in a previous order appealed to this Court, that the

duration of the order was an issue in the appeal, and that this Court summarily

affirmed the order. A hearing was held on Ferebee’s motion to dismiss on

September 28, 2007, and the trial court denied the motion, agreeing with Hobart’s

position. During the hearing, Hobart’s counsel announced her intention to seek

attorney’s fees from Ferebee. Counsel subsequently served a written motion for

attorney’s fees in the amount of $1,445.18 which the trial court granted without a

hearing. Ferebee appealed the award of attorney’s fees to this Court claiming that

the trial court erred in granting the fees without a hearing. This Court agreed and

entered an order of reversal (without an opinion) on May 27, 2008. As part of its

-2-
#24885, 25081

order, this Court remanded the matter of attorney’s fees to the trial court for a

hearing and the entry of findings of fact and conclusions of law necessary to support

an award of attorney’s fees.

Ferebee’s Motion for Rule 11 Corrections or Sanctions

[¶5.] While the foregoing appeal of the original attorney’s fee award was

pending before this Court, Ferebee filed a pro se motion with the trial court

captioned, “Motion for Rule 11 Corrections or if Needed Rule 11 Sanctions for

Motion for Attorney’s Fees.” In his motion, Ferebee sought Rule 11 sanctions 2

against Hobart claiming that Hobart’s original motion for attorney’s fees failed to

comport with the law. Hobart resisted, arguing that the trial court had no

jurisdiction to hear a motion relating to the original attorney’s fee award because of

Ferebee’s pending appeal of the issue before this Court. A hearing was held on

Ferebee’s motion on February 13, 2008. After the hearing, the trial court denied

Ferebee's motion for Rule 11 sanctions and granted Hobart attorney’s fees of

$688.50. Ferebee appealed the judgment and order denying Rule 11 sanctions and

granting Hobart attorney’s fees to this Court on May 5, 2008.

[¶6.] After entry of this Court’s order of May 27, 2008, reversing and

remanding the original attorney’s fee award, Hobart filed a motion for limited

remand of Ferebee’s appeal of the judgment and order denying Rule 11 sanctions

and granting Hobart attorney’s fees. Hobart asserted that no hearing was held on

2. The South Dakota counterpart to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 11
governing sanctions appears at SDCL 15-6-11 and within its subdivisions.

-3-
#24885, 25081

the attorney’s fees and that this Court’s order of remand of the original attorney’s

fee award meant that a hearing should also have been held as to attorney's fees on

the Rule 11 motion. Hobart sought the limited remand for purposes of holding a

hearing and the entry of findings of fact and conclusions of law to support his award

of attorney’s fees. Although this Court initially denied the limited remand, it

subsequently reconsidered and granted the motion on July 9, 2008.

Ferebee’s Motion for Determinations and Rationale Thereof

[¶7.] On May 9, 2008, while both of the above matters were still pending

before this Court, Ferebee served yet a third pro se motion captioned “Motion for

Determinations and Rationale Thereof.” By this motion, Ferebee requested that the

trial court provide the rationale for its earlier judgment and order denying him Rule

11 sanctions and granting Hobart attorney’s fees. Hobart resisted the motion,

sought its dismissal, and further sought an award of attorney’s fees under Rule 11.

A hearing was held on Ferebee’s motion on May 27, 2008, and the trial court orally

denied and dismissed it and awarded Hobart attorney’s fees of $446.20. However,

after learning of this Court’s order of May 27 reversing and remanding the original

attorney’s fee award to Hobart, the trial court entered an order granting a separate

hearing on the issue of attorney’s fees related to Ferebee’s “Motion for

Determinations and Rationale Thereof.”

Consolidated Hearing on Attorney’s Fees

[¶8.] On July 23, 2008, the trial court scheduled a consolidated hearing on

all of the outstanding attorney’s fee issues between Hobart and Ferebee that had

been remanded by this Court to the trial court or that remained pending before the

-4-
#24885, 25081

trial court. Accordingly, the hearing, held on August 26, 2008, considered attorney's

fees related to: Ferebee’s original motion to dismiss Hobart’s protection order;

Ferebee’s motion for Rule 11 corrections or sanctions; and, Ferebee’s motion for

determinations and rationale thereof.

Trial Court’s Decision and Appeal

[¶9.] Following the consolidated hearing on attorney’s fees, the trial court

entered separate findings of fact, conclusions of law and judgments and orders

awarding Hobart a total of $12,445.91 in attorney’s fees incurred in responding to

Ferebee’s three motions. Ferebee appealed these judgments and orders in a notice

of appeal filed December 10, 2008. The appeals have been consolidated for purposes

of briefing and a decision by this Court.3

STANDARDS OF REVIEW

[¶10.] Under SDCL 15-6-11(e), appeals pursuant to SDCL 15-6-11(a) through

15-6-11(d) are considered “without any presumption of the correctness of the trial

court’s findings of fact and conclusions of law.” Rather, an award of sanctions under

these provisions is reviewed for abuse of discretion. Pioneer Bank & Trust v.

Reynick, 2009 SD 3, ¶ 13, 760 NW2d 139, 143 (citing Hahne v. Burr, 2005 SD 108, ¶

22, 705 NW2d 867, 874). An award of attorney’s fees is also reviewed under the

abuse of discretion standard. Parsley v. Parsley, 2007 SD 58, ¶ 15, 734 NW2d 813,

817 – 18. “An abuse of discretion is a discretion exercised to an end or purpose not

3. On January 20, 2009, the trial court entered a series of amended judgments
and orders granting attorney’s fees in order to correct clerical errors in the
original findings of fact and conclusions of law and judgments and orders
awarding attorney’s fees. However, the total amount of attorney's fees
awarded was unchanged from the original judgments and orders.
-5-
#24885, 25081

justified by, and clearly against, reason and evidence.” Pioneer Bank & Trust, 2009

SD 3, ¶ 13, 760 NW2d at 143 (citing Hahne, 2005 SD 108, ¶ 22, 705 NW2d at 874).

ISSUE ONE

[¶11.] Whether the trial court abused its discretion in granting
Hobart attorney’s fees incurred in responding to Ferebee’s motion for
determinations and rationale thereof.

[¶12.] Ferebee argues that the trial court abused its discretion in granting

Hobart attorney’s fees incurred in responding to Ferebee’s motion for

determinations and rationale thereof because Hobart failed to file a motion for

attorney’s fees in compliance with the “safe harbor provisions” of SDCL 15-6-

11(c)(1)(A).

[¶13.] SDCL 15-6-11(c)(1)(A) provides in pertinent part:

A motion for sanctions under this rule shall be made
separately from other motions or requests and shall
describe the specific conduct alleged to violate § 15-6-
11(b). It shall be served as provided in § 15-6-5, but shall
not be filed with or presented to the court unless, within
21 days after service of the motion (or such other period
as the court may prescribe), the challenged paper, claim,
defense, contention, allegation, or denial is not withdrawn
or appropriately corrected. If warranted, the court may
award to the party prevailing on the motion the
reasonable expenses and attorney’s fees incurred in
presenting or opposing the motion. Absent exceptional
circumstances, a law firm shall be held jointly responsible
for violations committed by its partners, associates, and
employees.

[¶14.] This rule is analogous to the “safe harbor provision” of Federal Rule of

Civil Procedure 11 (Rule 11). The safe harbor provision is designed to: protect

litigants from sanctions in order to mitigate Rule 11’s chilling effect; formalize due

process protections including notice; and, encourage the withdrawal of papers that

-6-
#24885, 25081

violate the rule so as to avoid sanction proceedings and streamline the litigation

process. 5A Charles Alan Wright & Arthur R. Miller, Federal Practice and

Procedure § 1337.2 (3rd ed 2004).

Since the procedural requirements of the Rule 11 safe
harbor provision are designed to protect the person
against whom sanctions are sought and forestall
unnecessary motion practice, a failure to comply with
them will result in the rejection of the motion for sanctions
as many cases since the 1993 amendment have stated or
held.

Id. (emphasis added).

[¶15.] Despite the support this passage might offer for Ferebee’s argument,

he ignores that he, not Hobart, was the moving party on the issue of sanctions in the

“Motion for Determinations and Rationale Thereof.” This motion was nothing more

than a request for the trial court to provide a rationale in support of its earlier

denial of Ferebee’s motion for Rule 11 sanctions.4 As such, it was simply a

supplemental motion in the proceedings related to Ferebee’s earlier motion for

sanctions. On both motions, Hobart was the party opposing, not seeking, sanctions.

In fact, Hobart filed documents captioned “Response to Motion for Rule 11

Corrections or if Needed Rule 11 Sanctions for Motion for Attorneys Fees” and

“Response to Motion for Determinations and Rationale Thereof.” (Emphasis added).

Clearly, by this terminology, Hobart was the party opposing sanctions. Moreover,

Hobart prevailed in his opposition.

4. Ferebee’s motion for Rule 11 sanctions was the motion fully captioned,
“Motion for Rule 11 Corrections or if Needed Rule 11 Sanctions for Motion for
Attorney’s Fees.”
-7-
#24885, 25081

[¶16.] SDCL 15-6-11(c)(1)(A) provides in pertinent part that, “If warranted,

the court may award to the party prevailing on the motion [for sanctions] the

reasonable expenses and attorney’s fees incurred in presenting or opposing the

motion.” (Emphasis added). Nothing in the rule requires a prevailing party who

opposed sanctions to file his or her own motion for sanctions in order to receive

attorney’s fees. To the contrary, the Advisory Committee Notes on the federal

counterpart to the rule dispel that notion, stating in pertinent part:

[T]he filing of a motion for sanctions is itself subject to the
requirements of [Rule 11] and can lead to sanctions.
However, service of a cross motion under Rule 11 should
rarely be needed since under the revision the court may
award to the person who prevails on a motion under Rule
11--whether the movant or the target of the motion--
reasonable expenses, including attorney's fees, incurred in
presenting or opposing the motion.

FedRCivP 11 (Advisory Committee Notes, 1993 Amendments, Subdivisions (b) and

(c)). See also 2 James Wm. Moore, Moore’s Federal Practice § 11.22[1][f] (3rd ed

2009)(stating that the provision allowing the court to award attorney’s fees to the

party prevailing on a Rule 11 motion “eliminates the need for cross-motions under

Rule 11.”).

[¶17.] The Advisory Committee Notes precisely address the situation that

occurred here. Ferebee filed a motion for sanctions and a supplemental motion on

sanctions subject to the requirements of Rule 11. There was no need for Hobart to

serve cross motions under Rule 11 in order to receive attorney’s fees if he prevailed

on Ferebee’s motions because the rule already permitted such an award.

Accordingly, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in granting Hobart

-8-
#24885, 25081

attorney’s fees incurred in responding to Ferebee’s motions including the motion for

determinations and rationale thereof.

[¶18.] At the close of his brief on this issue, Ferebee raises an additional

argument concerning the denial of his motion for Rule 11 corrections or sanctions.

He contends that the trial court erred on substantive grounds in denying this

motion because it was neither frivolous nor malicious but was directed to Hobart’s

failure to follow proper procedures in obtaining attorney’s fees on Ferebee’s motion

to dismiss Hobart’s protection order. However, Ferebee ignores significant

procedural facts.

[¶19.] At the time Ferebee served his motion for Rule 11 corrections or

sanctions in January 2008, he had already appealed the original award of attorney’s

fees to this Court. Thus, any issues Ferebee had over procedures followed by

Hobart in obtaining those attorney’s fees should have been raised on appeal, not in

a new motion for sanctions brought before the trial court. In fact, at that juncture,

the trial court had lost jurisdiction over issues related to the original attorney’s fee

award as Hobart so argued and as the trial court so found. See Muenster v.

Muenster, 2009 SD 23, ¶ 32, 764 NW2d 712, 721 (citing Reaser v. Reaser, 2004 SD

116, ¶ 28, 688 NW2d 429, 437 in stating that an appeal from a judgment or order

strips the trial court’s jurisdiction over the subject matter of the judgment or order

and restrains the trial court from entering an order changing or modifying the

judgment on appeal or interfering with review of the judgment). This, in

conjunction with Ferebee’s history of meritless motions and procedural maneuvers,

provided ample support for the trial court’s determination that Ferebee’s

-9-
#24885, 25081

subsequent motion for Rule 11 corrections or sanctions was frivolous and malicious

and should be denied.

ISSUE TWO

[¶20.] Whether the trial court abused its discretion in holding that
Hobart was entitled to attorney’s fees under SDCL 15-17-51.

[¶21.] SDCL 15-17-51 allows an award of attorney’s fees to the prevailing

party if an action or proceeding is dismissed and the court determines that it was

frivolous or brought for malicious purposes. Ferebee argues that the trial court

abused its discretion in awarding Hobart attorney’s fees under SDCL 15-17-51

because the requirements of the statute were not met.

[¶22.] Ferebee contends that the trial court awarded attorney’s fees under

SDCL 15-17-51 in each of the judgments and orders at issue. While this is correct,

the only attorney’s fees awarded to Hobart exclusively under SDCL 15-17-51 were

the original fees related to Ferebee’s motion to dismiss Hobart’s protection order.

The attorney’s fees related to Ferebee’s motion for Rule 11 corrections or sanctions

and motion for determinations and rationale thereof were awarded under both

SDCL 15-17-51 and SDCL 15-6-11 (Rule 11). As discussed under Issue One, Hobart

was entitled to attorney’s fees under Rule 11 on Ferebee’s motion for Rule 11

corrections or sanctions and on his motion for determinations and rationale thereof

as the prevailing party on sanctions. SDCL 15-6-11(c)(1)(A). Thus, even if the trial

court did err in awarding Hobart attorney’s fees on these motions under SDCL 15-

17-51, there was no abuse of discretion because SDCL 15-6-11(c)(1)(A) still supports

the awards. See Flugge v. Flugge, 2004 SD 76, ¶ 35, 681 NW2d 837, 846

-10-
#24885, 25081

(citing Sommervold v. Grevlos, 518 NW2d 733, 740 (SD 1994) in noting that a trial

court may still be upheld if it reached the right result for the wrong reason).

[¶23.] As mentioned, the only attorney’s fees the trial court awarded

exclusively on the basis of SDCL 15-17-51 were those related to Ferebee’s original

motion to dismiss Hobart’s protection order. SDCL 15-17-51 provides:

If a civil action or special proceeding is dismissed and if
the court determines that it was frivolous or brought for
malicious purposes, the court shall order the party whose
cause of action or defense was dismissed to pay part or all
expenses incurred by the person defending the matter,
including reasonable attorney’s fees.

(Emphasis added). Ferebee focuses on the word “dismissed” in this statute and

argues that, because his motion to dismiss Hobart’s protection order was “denied”

and not “dismissed,” Hobart was not eligible for attorney’s fees under the statute.

[¶24.] In analyzing the precursor to SDCL 15-17-51 in First Nat. Bank of

Minneapolis v. Kehn Ranch, Inc., 394 NW2d 709, 716 – 17 (SD 1986), this Court

observed that it created “a new and greater liability for attorney’s fees and costs

when a frivolous case is dismissed . . ..” In Flugge, 2004 SD 76, ¶ 38, 681 NW2d at

846 – 47, we relied on SDCL 15-17-51 in awarding $3,000 in appellate attorney’s

fees to the appellee. While there was not a dismissal of a claim in that case but an

appeal from a summary judgment, we nevertheless awarded attorney’s fees on the

basis that the appellant’s actions were frivolous. Thus, we have not previously

adhered to a narrow construction of the word “dismissed” in SDCL 15-17-51 in

awarding attorney’s fees under the statute.

[¶25.] The trial court followed a similar view of SDCL 15-17-51 in this case,

holding that the denial of Ferebee’s motion to dismiss Hobart’s protection order was

-11-
#24885, 25081

equivalent to a dismissal because, under either disposition, Ferebee would not

prevail on his claim. Moreover, the trial court denied Ferebee’s motion to dismiss

on res judicata grounds. Res judicata has often served as the basis for a motion to

dismiss a claim. See e.g., Glover v. Krambeck, 2007 SD 11, ¶ 7, 727 NW2d 801, 803;

People ex rel. L.S., 2006 SD 76, ¶ 13, 721 NW2d 83, 88; Dakota, Minnesota &

Eastern Railroad Corp. v. Acuity, 2006 SD 72, ¶ 6, 720 NW2d 655, 658. Thus,

Hobart might have sought a dismissal rather than a denial of Ferebee’s motion and

the trial court could have as easily dismissed it as denied it. Ferebee’s liability for

attorney’s fees for his frivolous claim should not rest on Hobart’s choice of

terminology and, thereby, elevate form over substance.

[¶26.] Ferebee also argues that, based upon the plain language of SDCL 15-

17-51, Hobart’s entire civil action for a protection order had to be dismissed in order

for a party to be eligible for attorney’s fees under the statute. Ferebee ignores other

relevant language in the statute. SDCL 15-17-51 also permits an award of

attorney’s fees when a “special proceeding” is dismissed. A “special proceeding” is

“[a] proceeding that can be commenced independently of a pending action and from

which a final order may be appealed immediately.” Black’s Law Dictionary 1242

(8th ed 2004). Immediate appeal is allowed from an order denying relief from a

protection order. See Sjomeling v. Stuber, 2000 SD 103, ¶ 1, 615 NW2d 613, 614.

Thus, Ferebee’s motion to dismiss Hobart’s protection order was a “special

proceeding” in which a party could be awarded attorney’s fees for a dismissal

pursuant to SDCL 15-17-51.

-12-
#24885, 25081

[¶27.] Finally, under this issue, Ferebee argues that none of his motions were

frivolous or malicious and, therefore, they did not warrant attorney’s fee awards

under SDCL 15-17-51 or SDCL 15-6-11. However, as previously discussed,

attorney’s fees were awarded to Hobart on two of Ferebee’s motions on the basis

that Hobart was the prevailing party in opposing Ferebee’s request for sanctions.

No determination of frivolousness or maliciousness was necessary as a predicate for

these awards. See SDCL 15-6-11(c)(1)(A)(stating that the court may award a party

prevailing on a motion for sanctions the reasonable expenses and attorney’s fees

incurred in presenting or opposing the motion). 5

[¶28.] A determination of frivolousness or maliciousness was necessary for

the award of attorney’s fees on Ferebee’s original motion to dismiss Hobart’s

protection order. SDCL 15-17-51. The trial court entered detailed findings and

conclusions in this regard stating that Ferebee had asked the court to clarify the

expiration date of Hobart’s protection order in 2005, that the court had issued a

decision on the matter that same year, that Ferebee appealed that decision to this

Court, and that this Court affirmed the trial court’s decision in 2006. The court

further found that Ferebee brought his motion to dismiss Hobart’s protection order

in 2007 based upon the very same issues previously litigated and lost in his motion

to clarify the expiration date of the protection order. In addition, the court found

that Ferebee’s motion to dismiss was “just one in a long line of frivolous and

5. Ferebee’s argument in this regard convolutes the distinction between an
award of attorney's fees as a sanction under Rule 11 and an award of
attorney’s fees to a party opposing sanctions under Rule 11. Hobart was not
awarded attorney's fees as a sanction, but as the prevailing party opposing
sanctions. See SDCL 15-6-11(c)(1)(A).
-13-
#24885, 25081

unnecessary multiple motions addressing issues previously litigated,” including

motions filed before three different circuit court judges in the Seventh Circuit and

before the U.S. District Court and Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals. Based upon

these findings, the trial court further found that Ferebee had “developed a pattern

of filing frivolous and harassing lawsuits and motions both in state court and

federal court” and concluded that his filings and pleadings were frivolous and

malicious, as well as abusive and egregious. A review of the record readily supports

the court’s findings which dispose of any argument by Ferebee that his original

motion to dismiss Hobart’s protection order was not frivolous or malicious.

ISSUE THREE

[¶29.] Whether the trial court erred in denying Ferebee’s motion to
dismiss.

[¶30.] As his final issue, Ferebee argues that the trial court erred in denying

his original motion to dismiss Hobart’s protection order because the order was void

on jurisdictional grounds that also voided all subsequent orders in the matter,

including the orders for attorney’s fees. Ferebee’s jurisdictional argument is

premised upon the effective dates of the protection orders between Ferebee and

Hobart under SDCL 22-19A-11. The trial court found that these same arguments

under SDCL 22-19A-11 were presented by Ferebee in his motion for clarification of

the protection order in 2005 and that its decision clarifying the duration of the

protection order was summarily affirmed by this Court. “Res judicata precludes

relitigation of issues previously heard and resolved; it also bars prosecution of

claims that could have been raised in the earlier proceeding, even though not

-14-
#24885, 25081

actually raised.” Lee v. Rapid City Area School Dist., No. 51-4, 526 NW2d 738, 740

(SD 1995).

[¶31.] In any event, the denial of Ferebee’s original motion to dismiss

Hobart’s protection order is not properly before this Court for review. The order

denying the motion to dismiss was entered on October 12, 2007. Attorney’s fees

related to the motion were awarded in a separate order also entered on October 12.

Ferebee appealed only the order awarding attorney’s fees, not the order denying his

motion to dismiss. Moreover, this Court reversed and remanded only the order for

attorney’s fees, not the order denying the motion to dismiss. Thus, the denial of the

motion to dismiss became final and unreversed on or about November 11, 2007. See

SDCL 15-26A-6 (providing a thirty day period for taking an appeal from an order or

judgment). At that point, the doctrines of res judicata, collateral estoppel and issue

preclusion became applicable and now prevent relitigation of issues related to the

original motion to dismiss. See Arcon Const. Co., Inc. v. South Dakota Dept. of

Transp., 365 NW2d 866, 868 (SD 1985)(stating that the doctrines of res judicata,

collateral estoppel or issue preclusion apply when there is a final unreversed

judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction).

CONCLUSIONS

[¶32.] Based upon the foregoing analysis, the trial court did not abuse its

discretion in granting Hobart attorney’s fees on Ferebee’s motion for determinations

and rationale thereof. We also find no abuse of discretion in the trial court’s award

of attorney’s fees under SDCL 15-17-51 on Ferebee’s original motion to dismiss

Hobart’s protection order. To whatever extent the trial court may have erred in

-15-
#24885, 25081

awarding attorney’s fees to Hobart under SDCL 15-17-51 on Ferebee’s motion for

Rule 11 corrections or sanctions and motion for determinations and rationale

thereof, we find no abuse of discretion because these awards were also supported by

SDCL 15-6-11(c)(1)(A). We decline review of the merits of Ferebee’s original motion

to dismiss Hobart’s protection order on the grounds of res judicata and that the

issue is not properly before this Court.

Appellate Attorney’s Fees

[¶33.] Both parties have filed motions for appellate attorney’s fees. The

motions are accompanied by itemized statements of costs incurred and legal

services rendered. Based upon the above conclusions, Hobart is eligible for

appellate attorney’s fees as the successful party on the attorney’s fee appeals

related to Rule 11. See SDCL 15-6-11(e)(stating that reasonable attorney’s fees and

costs shall be awarded to the successful party on appeal). Further, under Flugge,

2004 SD 76, ¶ 38, 681 NW2d at 846 – 47, Hobart is also eligible for appellate

attorney’s fees on the portion of the appeal related to SDCL 15-17-51. Accordingly,

we grant Hobart appellate attorney’s fees of $3,385.86.

[¶34.] Affirmed.

[¶35.] GILBERTSON, Chief Justice, and KONENKAMP, ZINTER,

MEIERHENRY, and SEVERSON, Justices, participating.

-16-