Opinion issued March 16, 2023
In The
Court of Appeals
For The
First District of Texas
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NO. 01-20-00109-CR
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JORGE MONTALVO, Appellant
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee
On Appeal from the 174th District Court
Harris County, Texas
Trial Court Case No. 1526956
MEMORANDUM OPINION
After appellant, Jorge Montalvo, without an agreed punishment
recommendation from the State, pleaded guilty to the first-degree felony offense of
murder,1 the trial court assessed his punishment at confinement for forty years.
Appellant timely filed a notice of appeal.
Appellant’s appointed counsel on appeal has filed a motion to withdraw, along
with a brief stating that the record presents no reversible error and the appeal is
without merit and is frivolous. See Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967).
We modify the trial court’s judgment and affirm the judgment as modified.
Background
On September 24, 2019, appellant pleaded guilty to the first-degree felony
offense of murder. In connection with his guilty plea, appellant executed a “Waiver
of Constitutional Rights, Agreement to Stipulate, and Judicial Confession.” In this
waiver, appellant confessed to the allegations against him in the indictment and
stipulated that he was “satisfied with the attorney representing [him],” his attorney
“properly represented [him] and [he] has fully discussed the case with [his
attorney],” and the “State agree[d] to waive its right to a jury trial in exchange for .
. . [appellant’s] agree[ment] to waive his right of appeal.”
Also on September 24, 2019, appellant executed written “Admonishments.”
In this document, appellant acknowledged that he understood the range of
punishment for a first-degree felony offense is a term of life incarceration, or any
term not more than 99 years or less than fifteen years. Appellant also acknowledged
1
See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 19.02.
2
that he understood “the admonishments of the trial court set out” in the document,
he “waive[d] the right to have the trial court orally admonish” him, his “plea [was]
freely, knowingly and voluntarily made,” he was “totally satisfied with the
representation provided by [his] counsel and [he] received effective and competent
representation,” and he “fully [understood] the consequences of [his] plea.” Further,
“after having fully consulted with [his] attorney . . . [appellant] . . . request[ed] that
the trial court accept [his] plea.”
Finally, and also on September 24, 2019, the trial court entered its first
certification of appellant’s right of appeal. See TEX. R. APP. P. 25.2. Based on the
above-discussed waivers and admonishments, the trial court checked the box
indicating that appellant had “waived the right of appeal.” This certification was
signed by the trial court, appellant, and appellant’s court-appointed trial counsel.
At the punishment hearing, appellant’s counsel notified the trial court that
appellant indicated that it was his desire to “withdraw his plea of guilty and instead
go to trial on this case.” The trial court noted that, during the plea hearing, appellant
“never indicated in any kind of way that he felt pressured or coerced into this plea,”
and stated that it would “not let [appellant] now withdraw a plea that the [trial court]
believe[d] he freely, knowingly, and voluntarily entered into,” where “there [was]
no suggestion or any kind of statement from [appellant] to indicate or suggest that
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there[] [was] some new evidence that’s just been revealed that would show
[appellant] is not guilty after he’s entered this plea of guilty.”
However, the trial court also advised appellant that, “[i]f [appellant] would
like to appeal after this, [he] can do everything [he] need[s] to do to effect an appeal.”
Because the trial court’s statement was inconsistent with the trial court’s first
certification of appellant’s right to appeal, signed on September 24, 2019, which
stated that appellant had waived his right of appeal, appellant filed a motion to abate
the appeal so that the inconsistency could be resolved. See Burt v. State, 445 S.W.3d
752, 757 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014). Accordingly, on July 14, 2020, the Court abated
this appeal and directed the trial court to make a finding clarifying its intention, or
not, to grant appellant permission to appeal, and, if necessary, to execute an amended
certification of appellant’s right to appeal. See TEX. R. APP. P. 25.2(f).
On August 9, 2021, a supplemental clerk’s record was filed with this Court.
The supplemental clerk’s record included an amended certification of appellant’s
right of appeal. See id. The amended certification indicated that this “is a plea-
bargain case, but the trial court has given permission to appeal, and the [appellant]
has the limited right of appeal to matters raised during the sentencing hearing and
ruled on” by the trial court. Based on the amended certification, granting appellant
a limited right of appeal, the Court reinstated the appeal. Appellant’s appointed
appellate counsel subsequently filed a motion to withdraw and an Anders brief.
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Anders Procedures
When appointed counsel believes a criminal defendant’s appeal is frivolous,
counsel may file both a motion to withdraw and a brief stating that the record
presents no reversible error and the appeal is without merit and is frivolous. See
Anders, 386 U.S. at 741–42; In re Schulman, 252 S.W.3d 403, 406 (Tex. Crim. App.
2008). Counsel’s brief meets the Anders requirements by presenting a professional
evaluation of the record and supplying the Court with references to the record and
legal authority. See Anders, 386 U.S. at 744; see also High v. State, 573 S.W.2d
807, 812 (Tex. Crim. App. 1978). Counsel indicates that he has thoroughly reviewed
the record and is unable to advance any grounds of error that warrant reversal. See
Anders, 386 U.S. at 744; Mitchell v. State, 193 S.W.3d 153, 155 (Tex. App.—
Houston [1st Dist.] 2006, no pet.).
Counsel has informed the Court that he provided appellant with a copy of the
brief and the motion to withdraw as well as a complete copy of the appellate record.
See Kelly v. State, 436 S.W.3d 313, 319–20 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014); In re Schulman,
252 S.W.3d at 408. Counsel also provided appellant with form motion to access the
appellate record, and counsel advised appellant of his right to file a pro se response
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to the Anders brief.2 See Kelly, 436 S.W.3d at 319–20; In re Shulman, 252 S.W.3d
at 408. On February 21, 2023, appellant filed a pro se response to counsel’s brief.
We have independently reviewed the entire record in this appeal, and we
conclude that no reversible error exists in the record, there are no arguable grounds
for review, and the appeal is frivolous. See Anders, 386 U.S. at 744 (emphasizing
that reviewing court—and not counsel—determines, after full examination of
proceedings, whether appeal is wholly frivolous); Garner v. State, 300 S.W.3d 763,
767 (Tex. Crim. App. 2009) (reviewing court must determine whether arguable
grounds for review exist); Bledsoe v. State, 178 S.W.3d 824, 826–27 (Tex. Crim.
App. 2005) (same); Mitchell, 193 S.W.3d at 155 (reviewing court determines
whether arguable grounds exist by reviewing entire record). We note that an
appellant may challenge a holding that there are no arguable grounds for appeal by
filing a petition for discretionary review in the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals.
See Bledsoe, 178 S.W.3d at 827 & n.6.
2
This Court also notified appellant that counsel had filed an Anders brief and a
motion to withdraw and informed appellant that he had a right to examine the
appellate record and file a response to his counsel’s Anders brief. And this Court
provided appellant with a form motion to access the appellate record. See Kelly v.
State, 436 S.W.3d 313, 319–22 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014); In re Schulman, 252
S.W.3d 403, 408 (Tex. Crim. App. 2008).
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Modification of Judgment
In appointed counsel’s Anders brief, counsel requests that the Court modify
the trial court’s judgment “to delete the special finding [of] ‘APPEAL WAIVED,
NO PERMISSION TO APPEAL GRANTED’.” As discussed above, while the trial
court’s judgment accurately reflected the state of the case as of the time appellant
entered his guilty plea, after the trial court entered its amended certification, granting
appellant a limited right of appeal, the judgment is no longer accurate.
While we have concluded that appellant’s appeal is frivolous, an appellate
court has the power to correct and reform a trial court’s judgment to make the record
speak the truth when it has the necessary data and information to do so. See Nolan
v. State, 39 S.W.3d 697, 698 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2001, no pet.); see
also TEX. R. APP. P. 43.2(b). This is true no matter who, or if anyone, has called the
matter to the attention of the trial court. See Asberry v. State, 813 S.W.2d 526, 529
(Tex. App.—Dallas 1991, pet ref’d) (“The authority of an appellate court to reform
incorrect judgments is not dependent upon the request of any party, nor does it turn
on the question of whether a party has or has not objected in the trial court.”).
Accordingly, we modify the trial court’s judgment to delete, under the section,
“[f]urthermore, the following special findings or orders apply,” the words:
“APPEAL WAIVED. NO PERMISSION TO APPEAL GRANTED.” See TEX. R.
APP. P. 43.2(b); Bigley v. State, 865 S.W.2d 26, 27–28 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993); see
7
also Lopez v. State, No. 01-14-00637-CR, 2016 WL 1600269, at *2 (Tex. App.—
Houston [1st Dist.] Apr. 21, 2016, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication)
(modifying judgment to remove “special finding that state[d] ‘APPEAL WAIVED.
NO PERMISSION TO APPEAL GRANTED” in Anders case).
Conclusion
We affirm the trial court’s judgment, as modified, and grant appellant’s
appointed counsel’s motion to withdraw.3 See TEX. R. APP. P. 43.2(f); see Morris v.
State, 496 S.W.3d 833, 836 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2016, pet. ref’d) (“An
appellate court has the power to correct a trial court judgment to make the record
speak the truth when it has the necessary date and information to do so.”). Attorney
Nicholas Mensch must immediately send appellant the required notice and file a
copy of the notice with the Clerk of this Court. See TEX. R. APP. P. 6.5(c). We
dismiss any pending motions as moot.
PER CURIAM
Panel consists of Justices Hightower, Rivas-Molloy, and Farris.
Do not publish. TEX. R. APP. P. 47.2(b).
3
Appellant’s appointed counsel still has a duty to inform appellant of the result of
this appeal and that he may, on his own, pursue discretionary review in the Texas
Court of Criminal Appeals. See Ex Parte Wilson, 956 S.W.2d 25, 27 (Tex. Crim.
App. 1997).
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Jorge Montalvo v. the State of Texas
Combined Opinion