Commonwealth v. Minor

Opinion by

Price, J.,

The appellant was arrested on July 4, 1971, and charged with aggravated robbery and carrying a concealed deadly weapon, stemming from an incident in which a cab driver was robbed at knifepoint of $9.40 at Eighth and Market Streets, Philadelphia. Appellant pled guilty to these charges on June 19, 1972; however, sentence was deferred pending pre-sentence investigation and psychiatric examination until February 16,1973.

No post-trial motions were filed by appellant. However, on February 28, 1973, appellant, pro se, filed an appeal and a petition to proceed in forma pauperis with this Court. On March 1, 1973, appellant’s petition was granted.

In this appeal, appellant contends that his plea of guilty to the charges of aggravated robbery and carrying a concealed deadly weapon was not knowingly, voluntarily, and intelligently made, because the record fails to establish that he was fully aware of the nature and elements of the charged crimes.1

Initially, appellant argues that Commonwealth v. Ingram, 455 Pa. 198, 315 A.2d 77 (1974), which sets out stringent requirements for the explanation of the legal elements of crimes to defendants proffering guilty pleas, be applied retrospectively to include appellant’s 1972 guilty pleas. This precise issue was decided in Commonwealth v. Schork, 230 Pa. Superior Ct. 411, 326 A.2d 878 (1974), where this Court held *142that the principles enunciated in Ingram were to receive prospective application only. See also Commonwealth v. Mack, 230 Pa. Superior Ct. 596, 326 A. 2d 881 (1974). In light of 8 chorlo, this appeal is governed by the pr e-Ingram standards for the entering of guilty pleas.

Pa. R. Crim. P. 319(a), at the time of the instant guilty plea, provided in pertinent part that: “The judge . . . shall not accept [a guilty plea] unless he determines after inquiry of the defendant that the plea is voluntarily and understandingly tendered. Such inquiry shall appear on the record.” A corollary of this rule is the requirement that appellant understand the nature of the charges to which he pleads. Commonwealth v. Belgrave, 445 Pa. 311, 285 A.2d 448 (1971); Commonwealth v. Enty, 442 Pa. 39, 271 A.2d 926 (1971); Commonwealth v. Cushnie, 433 Pa. 131, 249 A.2d 290 (1969); Commonwealth ex rel. West v. Rundle, 428 Pa. 102, 237 A.2d 196 (1968).

In the instant appeal, we believe the recorded inquiry is inadequate when measured against pr e-Ingram standards in effect at the time of the plea. The fact that appellant was informed of only the name of the crimes charged and, in one instance only the initials, cannot be construed as sufficient to apprise appellant of the nature and elements of the charged crimes thereby permitting a knowing and intelligent plea of guilty.

Reversed and remanded for new trial.

The portion of the colloquy of June 19, 1972, in question is as follows: “ Q. How old are you, Mr. Minor? A. 31. Q. You have to keep your voice up? A. 31. Q. How far did you go in school? A. The 12th grade. Q. Do you read, write and understand the English language? A. Yes, I do. Q. Do you understand the charges which you appear at the bar of the Court, to wit: Aggravated Bobbery and C.C.D.W., that you have an absolute right to have this matter heard by a jury? A. Yes.” (NT 4.)