FILED
COURT OF APPEALS
DIVISfOIq II
2013MAY -7 AM11: 7
4
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF W
DIVISION II
STATE OF WASHINGTON, No. 43225 1 11
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Respondent,
V.
JOHN HYRUM PARKES, UNPUBLISHED OPINION
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JOHANSON, J. — John Hyrum Parkes appeals the trial court's order denying his motion
for order of indigency. He argues that the certification in support of his motion for order of
indigency established his inability to pay the costs of his appeal and that the trial court erred in
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determining otherwise. We reverse and remand for further proceedings consistent with this
l
opinion.
On September 2, 2011, a jury found Parkes guilty of four counts of first degree child
molestation. On October 14, 2011, the trial court sentenced Parkes to 173 months of
confinement. Parkes filed a notice of appeal on November 10, 2011. He moved for an order of
indigency, certifying that he did not own any real property or any personal property, that he had
no income, and that he had unknown amounts of debt. He stated that he could contribute nothing
toward the cost of appellate review.
1 A commissioner of this court.nitially considered Parkes's appeal as a motion on the merits
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under RAP 18. 4 and then transferred it to a panel of judges.
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No. 43225 1 II
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A presentence investigation report filed with the superior court on October 11, 2011,
revealed that Parkes, a former police officer, made approximately $ an hour before resigning
40
from his last job. He told the probation officer who wrote the report that he had "a little bit of a
nest egg put away" and had "some organized debt."Clerk's Papers (CP)at 68. At the time of
the interview upon which the presentence report was based, Parkes had retained private counsel
for his defense.
The court denied Parkes's motion for an order of indigency, making the following
pertinent findings of fact:
3. Defendant had retained counsel throughout the trial proceedings in
this case;
4. During trial, testimony was provided that Mr. Parkes owned a
house with his former wife, Shelley Parkes, in an unknown value; and
5. Defendant was previously employed as - a police officer for many
years and may be entitled to a pension andor retirement, value of which is
/
unknown.
CP at 51 52. Based on those findings, the court made the following conclusions of law:
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1. Defendant is not indigent because the record presented does not
satisfy the criteria for indigency set forth in RCW 10. 01.
010( 1);
1
2. Defendant is not indigent and is able to contribute as set forth in
RCW 10. 01.because the record presented establishes that defendant has
010(
1)
1
adequate means to pay for all expenses of his appeal;
3. Defendant failed to make an adequate record to determine whether
the defendant is indigent.
CP at 52.
A commissioner of this court granted discretionary review of the order denying Parkes's
motion.
Parkes argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion. The party seeking indigent
status bears the burden of proving indigency. RAP 15. (
a); Clark, 88 Wn. d 533, 563
2 State v. 2
P. d 1253 (1977).We give great weight to a trial court's findings regarding indigency. State v.
2
2
No. 43225 1 II
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Rutherford, 63 Wn. d 949, 954 55,389 P. d 895 (1964),
2 - 2 dismissed, 384 U. .267 (1966).When
S
a party seeks review at public expense, the trial court must determine whether he is able to pay
all or part of the costs of appeal. RAP 15. (
b). the party has the means to pay the entire
2 Only if
cost of the appeal shall the trial court deny the motion for indigency status altogether. RAP
b)( Otherwise, it is the court's duty to determine what items of expense on appeal are to
15.
2).
2(
be shouldered by the party and what will be covered at public expense. RAP 15. (
e).
2
When a trial court rules on a motion for order of indigency, it must determine whether a
defendant is indigent using the criteria set forth in RCW 10. 01. State v. Hecht, 173
010(
3).
1
Wn. d 92, 95, 264 P. d 801 (2011). An indigent person is one who, at any stage of a court
2 3
proceeding, is:
a) Receiving one of the following types of public assistance:
Temporary assistance for needy families, aged, blind, or disabled assistance
benefits, medical care services under RCW 74. 9.
035,
0 pregnant women assistance
benefits, poverty -
related veterans' benefits, food stamps or food stamp benefits
transferred electronically, refugee resettlement benefits, medicaid, or
supplemental security income; or
b) Involuntarily committed to a public mental health facility; or
c) --- _ an annual income,_
Receiving _ after taxes, of one hundred twenty-
five percent or less of the current federally established poverty level; or
d) Unable to pay the anticipated cost of counsel for the matter before
the court because his or her available funds are insufficient to pay any amount for
the retention of counsel.
RCW 10. 01.
a)
010(
3)(
1 d). -(
The trial court found that Parkes " ay"be eligible to receive a pension or retirement, and
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did not state the amount of that prospective income. CP at 52. The evidence before the trial
court that Parkes had no income was undisputed. Thus, Parkes was "[ receiving an annual
income, after taxes, of one hundred twenty five percent or less of the current federally
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established poverty level." RCW 10. 01. He is therefore presumptively indigent.
c).
010(
3)(
1
3
No. 43225 1 II
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Hecht, 173 Wn. d at 95. Because Parkes put forth evidence that he had no income, the trial
2
court erred in denying his motion for indigency status outright. Hecht, 173 Wn. d at 95 96. It is
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possible that his other assets, such as the home he owns or his pension or retirement, make him
indigent and able to contribute."Hecht, 173 Wn. d at 95; RCW 10. 01. However, it is
2 010(
4).
1
the trial court's duty to determine what Parkes is or is not able to contribute to the cost of his
appeal. RAP 15. (
e).
2 Accordingly, we reverse the order denying Parkes's motion for indigency
status and remand to the trial court for that determination.
A majority of the panel having determined that this opinion will not be printed in the
Washington Appellate Reports, but will be filed for public record in accordance with RCW
040,
2.6.it is so ordered.
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1
P-I -
Johanson, J
State Of Washington v. John Parkes
Combined Opinion