Higgins v. United States

UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT ROSA HIGGINS, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. No. 95-2741 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Defendant-Appellee. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina, at Winston-Salem. N. Carlton Tilley, Jr., District Judge. (CA-94-339-6) Submitted: March 21, 1996 Decided: April 8, 1996 Before NIEMEYER and MICHAEL, Circuit Judges, and BUTZNER, Senior Circuit Judge. _________________________________________________________________ Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion. _________________________________________________________________ COUNSEL Linda L. Helms, David C. Smith, ALLMAN SPRY LEGGETT & CRUMPLER, P.A., Winston-Salem, North Carolina, for Appellant. Walter C. Holton, Jr., United States Attorney, Gill P. Beck, Assistant United States Attorney, Greensboro, North Carolina, for Appellee. _________________________________________________________________ Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See Local Rule 36(c). _________________________________________________________________ OPINION PER CURIAM: Rosa Higgins appeals from the district court's order dismissing her action under the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C.§§ 2671 - 2680 (1988), for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. We find that the district court properly dismissed the action; consequently, we affirm. Higgins, a senior citizen, brought this action after suffering a bro- ken hip when she was mugged at a postal facility in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Although it was located in a high crime area, the post office had no security guards or cameras. Higgins filed a complaint alleging that the United States was liable for failing to protect her from criminal acts of third parties. The district court granted the Gov- ernment's motion to dismiss under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) for lack of subject matter jurisdiction and Higgins timely appealed. Under 28 U.S.C. § 2680(a) (1988), there is an exception to govern- ment liability under the Federal Tort Claims Act for cases involving the failure to exercise a discretionary function. A function is discre- tionary if the action involves an element of judgment or choice and that judgment or choice involves considerations of public policy. Baum v. United States, 986 F.2d 716, 720 (4th Cir. 1993). Federal regulations grant the Chief Postal Inspector and the local postmasters broad discretion in making security decisions. See 39 C.F.R. §§ 231.1, 231.2 (1995). We find that the district court properly concluded that the decision whether to provide security at individual post offices involves considerations of public policy. We therefore affirm the district court's order dismissing the action for lack of sub- ject matter jurisdiction. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before the Court and argument would not aid the decisional process. AFFIRMED 2