United States v. Caldwell

UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. No. 95-5923 WADDELL EUGENE CALDWELL, Defendant-Appellant. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina, at Winston-Salem. N. Carlton Tilley, Jr., District Judge. (CR-95-157) Submitted: August 27, 1996 Decided: November 13, 1996 Before MURNAGHAN, NIEMEYER, and HAMILTON, Circuit Judges. _________________________________________________________________ Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion. _________________________________________________________________ COUNSEL William E. Martin, Federal Public Defender, Gregory Davis, Assis- tant Federal Public Defender, Greensboro, North Carolina, for Appel- lant. Walter C. Holton, Jr., United States Attorney, John W. Stone, Jr., Assistant United States Attorney, Greensboro, North Carolina, for Appellee. _________________________________________________________________ Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See Local Rule 36(c). _________________________________________________________________ OPINION PER CURIAM: Waddell Eugene Caldwell appeals from the sentence imposed by the district court after pleading guilty to attempted armed bank rob- bery in violation of 18 U.S.C.A. § 2113(a) (West Supp. 1996). We affirm. Caldwell argues that the district court erred in not applying United States Sentencing Commission, Guidelines Manual , § 2X1.1(b)(1) (Nov. 1995), which provides for a three level decrease "unless the defendant completed all the acts the defendant believed necessary for successful completion of the substantive offense or the circumstances demonstrate that the defendant was about to complete all such acts but for apprehension or interruption by some similar event beyond the defendant's control." At Caldwell's sentencing hearing the district court refused to apply U.S.S.G. § 2X1.1(b)(1) because it determined that Caldwell had completed all the acts he believed necessary to complete the bank robbery and most likely left the bank before com- pleting the robbery because of apprehension of being detected and/or arrested. Where the district court's decision to make or not make an adjustment is primarily a factual determination this Court applies the clearly erroneous standard of review. United States v. Daughtrey, 874 F.2d 213, 217 (4th Cir. 1989). Upon reviewing the record, we find that the district court's determination was not clearly erroneous. Accordingly, we affirm. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal conten- tions are adequately presented in the materials before the court and argument would not aid the decisional process. AFFIRMED 2