22-3061-cr
United States v. Brown
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUM-
MARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FED-
ERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN
CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE
EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION
“SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON
ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the
Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of New York, on the
1st day of February, two thousand twenty-four.
Present:
DEBRA ANN LIVINGSTON,
Chief Judge,
RAYMOND J. LOHIER, JR.,
JOSEPH F. BIANCO,
Circuit Judges.
_____________________________________
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Appellee,
v. 22-3061-cr
RAY DAVIS,
Defendant,
MARCUS BROWN,
Defendant-Appellant.
_____________________________________
For Defendant-Appellant: MAURICE J. VERRILLO, Law Offices of Maurice J. Ver-
rillo, P.C., Rochester, NY.
For Appellee: KATHERINE A. GREGORY, Assistant United States Attor-
ney, for Trini E. Ross, United States Attorney for the
Western District of New York, Buffalo, NY.
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Appeal from an order of the United States District Court for the Western District of New
York (Siragusa, J.).
UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND
DECREED that the order of the district court is AFFIRMED.
Defendant-Appellant Marcus Brown appeals from an order of the United States District
Court for the Western District of New York (Siragusa, J.), entered November 3, 2022, denying his
motion for compassionate release under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(1)(A)(i). Brown pleaded guilty in
December 2020 to two counts of sex trafficking of a minor, and the district court sentenced him in
January 2021 to concurrent 186-month terms for each count, plus eight years of supervised release.
In July 2022, Brown filed a pro se motion for compassionate release. He argued that he suffered
from numerous medical conditions that made him acutely vulnerable to COVID-19, and that his
vulnerability was an extraordinary and compelling reason to modify his imprisonment term, par-
ticularly in light of the suboptimal public health conditions at the prison where he was incarcerated.
As additional justifications for his release, Brown raised his family’s need for his help at home and
what he perceived to be unfairness in his sentence. We assume the parties’ familiarity with the
underlying facts, the procedural history of the case, and the issues on appeal.
We review a district court’s denial of a motion for compassionate release for abuse of dis-
cretion. United States v. Halvon, 26 F.4th 566, 569 (2d Cir. 2022) (per curiam). “[A] district
court’s discretion in this area . . . is broad,” United States v. Brooker, 976 F.3d 228, 237 (2d Cir.
2020), and a district court abuses its discretion only if it “bases its ruling ‘on an erroneous view of
the law or on a clearly erroneous assessment of the evidence, or render[s] a decision that cannot
be located within the range of permissible decisions,’” Halvon, 26 F.4th at 569 (citing United
States v. Borden, 564 F.3d 100, 104 (2d Cir. 2009) (alteration in original).
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Under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(1)(A), a court may reduce a term of imprisonment only after
considering the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) factors, finding that “extraordinary and compelling reasons
warrant such a reduction,” and determining that “such a reduction is consistent with applicable
policy statements issued by the Sentencing Commission.” Brown argues that it was an abuse of
discretion to conclude that the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) sentencing factors weighed against his release.
He also contends that the district court abused its discretion by determining that his unique risk of
contracting COVID-19 did not amount to an extraordinary and compelling reason warranting com-
passionate release.
We need only disagree with one of these arguments to affirm the district court’s judgment,
see United States v. Jones, 17 F.4th 371, 374 (2d Cir. 2021) (per curiam), and we do. The district
court did not abuse its discretion in determining that the 18 U.S.C. 3553(a) factors weighed against
a sentence modification in Brown’s case. The relevant considerations include “the nature and
circumstances of the offense and the history and characteristics of the defendant,” among other
factors. See 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). The nature and circumstances of Brown’s offense, as the dis-
trict court observed, involved using force to recruit a 14-year-old and a 16-year-old to engage in
commercial sex acts with others for Brown’s financial gain and posting sexually explicit photos
of them on the internet to advertise their availability. Moreover, “[Brown] decline[d] to take full
responsibility” for these offenses, arguing in his motion for release that “the blame should be
shared” between himself and his victims, in part because “a 16-year old female is more mature . .
. than a 16-year old 50 years ago,” App’x 283, and also because his specific victims “weren’t quite
the angels the prosecution makes them [out] to be,” App’x 250.
Given the facts of Brown’s offense and his own statements, the district court did not abuse
its discretion in concluding that releasing Brown after he served less than one-third of his term
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“would not reflect the seriousness of the offense, promote respect for the law, provide just punish-
ment, afford adequate deterrence, or protect the public from future crimes by the Defendant,”
App’x 283, all factors set forth in 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a).
Where the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) sentencing factors do not support modification of the sen-
tence, a district court may not grant a compassionate release motion. Because the district court
did not abuse its discretion in determining that the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) factors did not support
releasing Brown, it correctly denied his motion for release. Remand is not warranted where “a
district court’s ‘reasonable evaluation of the Section 3553(a) factors’ is ‘an . . . independent basis
for denial of compassionate release.’” Jones, 17 F.4th at 374 (quoting United States v. Robinson,
848 F. App’x 477, 478 (2d Cir. 2021)). We therefore need not address the district court’s separate
finding that Brown failed to demonstrate extraordinary and compelling reasons for relief.
* * *
We have considered Brown’s remaining arguments and find them to be without merit.
Accordingly, we AFFIRM the order of the district court.
FOR THE COURT:
Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court
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