United States v. Hooks

UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. No. 97-4410 DANNY RECARDO HOOKS, Defendant-Appellant. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, at Norfolk. Rebecca B. Smith, District Judge. (CR-96-229) Submitted: January 13, 1998 Decided: January 27, 1998 Before HALL and HAMILTON, Circuit Judges, and PHILLIPS, Senior Circuit Judge. _________________________________________________________________ Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion. _________________________________________________________________ COUNSEL Robert B. Rigney, KNIGHT, DUDLEY, CLARKE & DOLPH, P.L.C., Norfolk, Virginia, for Appellant. Helen F. Fahey, United States Attorney, Dana O. Washington, Special Assistant United States Attorney, Norfolk, Virginia, for Appellee. _________________________________________________________________ Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See Local Rule 36(c). _________________________________________________________________ OPINION PER CURIAM: Danny Recardo Hooks appeals his conviction and sentence for theft of government property, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 641 (West Supp. 1997). Hooks contends that: (1) the evidence was insufficient to support his conviction; (2) the district court abused its discretion in denying his motion for new trial based on newly discovered evi- dence; (3) the district court erred in awarding a two-level enhance- ment under U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual§ 2B1.1(b)(4)(A) (1995), for more than minimal planning; and (4) the district court erred in upwardly departing from the applicable guideline range under U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 4A1.3, p.s. (1995). We have reviewed the record and the briefs of the parties and hold that the evidence was sufficient for a reasonable jury to find Hooks guilty of theft of government property in excess of $100 beyond a rea- sonable doubt. See United States v. Capers, 61 F.3d 1100, 1107 (4th Cir. 1995); see also United States v. Burgos, 94 F.3d 849, 862-63 (4th Cir. 1996), cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 65 U.S.L.W. 3586 (U.S. Feb. 24, 1997) (No. 96-6868). Hooks and an accomplice gained entry, by use of a contractor's license, to a decommissioned Navy ship. They willfully removed nine pieces of barstock metal from the ship, valued substantially more than $100, without authorization. They were arrested when they attempted to transport the barstock off the base. These facts clearly establish every element of the offense beyond a reasonable doubt. The district court did not abuse its discretion in denying Hooks' motion for new trial. See United States v. Chavis, 880 F.2d 788, 793 (4th Cir. 1989). The allegedly exculpatory evidence upon which Hooks sought a new trial was not in the government's possession prior to trial and, in any event, would not have affected the outcome. See id.; see generally United States v. Tierney, 947 F.2d 854, 864 (8th Cir. 1991). 2 The district court's finding that the offense involved more than minimal planning was not clearly erroneous because Hooks took numerous steps to perpetrate the scheme, including borrowing a vehi- cle to transport the property, devising an elaborate plan to deceive the guards, and making several trips on and off of the ship to remove the goods. See United States v. Pearce, 65 F.3d 22, 26 (4th Cir. 1995). The district court's upward departure of two offense levels because Hooks' criminal history category VI did not adequately represent Hooks' past criminal conduct and tendency to recidivism was not an abuse of discretion. Hooks had many convictions which were not counted in his criminal history score because they were too old; this is an encouraged basis for departure. See United States v. Koon, ___ U.S. ___, 64 U.S.L.W. 4512, 4516-17 (U.S. June 13, 1996) (Nos. 94-1664/8842); United States v. Rybicki, 96 F.3d 754, 756-58 (4th Cir. 1996). The court considered the intervening offense level, and the extent of the departure was not an abuse of discretion. See United States v. Cash, 983 F.2d 558, 561-62 & nn.6-7 (4th Cir. 1992). Hooks' conviction and sentence are accordingly affirmed. We dis- pense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before the court and argument would not aid the decisional process. AFFIRMED 3