UNPUBLISHED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v. No. 98-6594
MELVIN E. BROWN,
Defendant-Appellant.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the District of South Carolina, at Florence.
Cameron McGowan Currie, District Judge.
(CR-95-787)
Argued: January 27, 1999
Decided: March 15, 1999
Before WILKINS, WILLIAMS, and MOTZ, Circuit Judges.
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Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.
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COUNSEL
ARGUED: William Fletcher Nettles, IV, Assistant Federal Public
Defender, Florence, South Carolina, for Appellant. William Earl Day,
II, Assistant United States Attorney, Florence, South Carolina, for
Appellee. ON BRIEF: J. Rene Josey, United States Attorney, Flor-
ence, South Carolina, for Appellee.
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Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See
Local Rule 36(c).
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OPINION
PER CURIAM:
Melvin E. Brown pled guilty to drug charges, and he now appeals
to contest his sentence. Brown maintains that his plea agreement obli-
gated the Government to move for a downward departure from the
sentence set by the Sentencing Guidelines based on his assertedly
substantial assistance to the Government. The district court, Brown
argues, erred in failing to find that the Government's refusal to make
such a motion constituted a breach of the plea agreement.
The plea agreement provides that if Brown cooperates and "that
cooperation is deemed by Attorneys for the Government as providing
substantial assistance in the investigation or prosecution of another
person who has committed an offense, the Attorneys for the Govern-
ment agree to move the Court to depart from the United States Sen-
tencing Commission Guidelines, pursuant to 5K1.1 of those
Guidelines, and Title 18, United States Code, Section 3553(e), and/or
move the Court for reduction of sentence pursuant to Rule 35(b) of
the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure."
Prior to being sentenced, Brown provided the Government with
information about the illegal activities of several individuals, includ-
ing Willie Camp. Nevertheless, at the time of sentencing, the Govern-
ment did not file a motion for downward departure pursuant to
§ 5K1.1 of the Guidelines. Brown did not object to its failure to do
so, and the court accordingly sentenced Brown to 60 months without
any allowance for substantial assistance.
Brown maintains that he further assisted the Government after his
sentencing by providing additional information about Willie Camp
and agreeing to testify against Camp, who had been arrested but who
was then unwilling to plead guilty. Brown also asserts that during this
same time period a prosecutor made certain representations to him
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concerning his assistance in the Camp prosecution. Brown testified
that "[the agent] said that hopefully the information that I give him
would be substantial enough to get [Camp] to plead, but if not, he
wanted to know if I would plead, you know, come on the stand and
testify against him." Brown agreed to testify against Camp, but his
testimony proved to be unnecessary because Camp ultimately pled
guilty.
A year after imposition of his sentence, Brown asked the district
court to require the Government to make a motion under Fed. R.
Crim. P. 35(b) for a reduction of Brown's sentence based on his sub-
stantial assistance. Brown claimed that the assistance he had provided
required the Government to make the motion and that its failure to do
so constituted a breach of the plea agreement.*
At the hearing on the Rule 35 motion, the district court correctly
held that the plea agreement obligated the Government to make a
good faith determination as to whether Brown had provided substan-
tial assistance and to make a 35(b) motion on his behalf if the assis-
tance provided was in fact found to be substantial. See United States
v. Dixon, 998 F.2d 228, 231 (4th Cir. 1993) (plea agreement provid-
ing that Government would file motion if cooperation is "deemed by
the Government as providing substantial assistance" obligates Gov-
ernment to "`deem,' one way or another"). The district court con-
cluded, however, that Brown was not entitled to have the Government
make a Rule 35(b) motion because there was "a failure of proof that
the amount of cooperation [he had] rendered did or was deemed by
the attorneys for the government to provide substantial assistance."
We have carefully reviewed the evidence before the district court
and conclude that it did not err in so holding. The Government clearly
had, independent of Brown's testimony, abundant evidence against
Camp, including Camp's own confession and the testimony of other
drug dealers. The Court explained that it had
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*Brown did not, and does not, contend that the Government had
unconstitutional motives, such as racial or religious bias, or any motive
not rationally related to a legitimate government end, for refusing to
make a substantial assistance motion on his behalf. Accordingly, Wade
v. United States, 504 U.S. 181 (1992), provides no assistance to Brown.
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heard testimony from a number of significant drug dealers
at the time of Mr. Camp's sentencing in determining the
drug amounts, and these were folks who were dealing in
kilo level and multi-ounce levels directly with Mr. Camp
and provided that testimony to this court. So, it was cer-
tainly not unreasonable for the government to decide to use
those folks as witnesses instead of you.
The prosecutor's alleged post-sentence statement to Brown consti-
tuted, at best, a promise to make a Rule 35(b) motion if Brown pro-
vided substantial post-sentence assistance; the evidence supports the
prosecutor's conclusion that Brown failed to provide substantial assis-
tance and, therefore, merited no motion.
AFFIRMED
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