IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT United States Court of Appeals
Fifth Circuit
FILED
March 9, 2009
No. 08-70008 Charles R. Fulbruge III
Clerk
KEITH STEVEN THURMOND
Petitioner - Appellant
v.
NATHANIEL QUARTERMAN, DIRECTOR, TEXAS
DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, CORRECTIONAL
INSTITUTIONS DIVISION
Respondent - Appellee
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Southern District of Texas
USDC No. H 06-2833
Before STEWART, OWEN, and SOUTHWICK, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
Petitioner Keith Steven Thurmond, convicted in Texas state court of
capital murder and sentenced to death, seeks a certificate of appealability
(“COA”) to appeal the district court’s order dismissing his petition for writ of
habeas corpus. The district court held that Thurmond’s petition was time-
barred. Thurmond does not dispute that, in order to be timely, he had one year,
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR . R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not
be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR .
R. 47.5.4.
No. 08-70008
or until August 31, 2006, to file for post-conviction relief, and his petition was
not filed until September 1, 2006. Thurmond argues, however, that the
equitable tolling doctrine should apply either because (1) there was almost a
two-month delay before he was appointed counsel or (2) Thurmond’s counsel
attempted to file the petition on August 31, 2006 in the after hours filing box,
but the machine was not working. Because jurists of reason would not find
debatable the district court’s procedural ruling, we deny Thurmond’s application
for a COA.
I. BACKGROUND
Thurmond was convicted and sentenced to death for the 2001 capital
murders of Sharon Anne Thurmond, his wife, and Guy Sean Fernandez. Sharon
Thurmond separated from her husband a few months before the murder. She
took their child and moved across the street to live with Guy Sean Fernandez.
The day of the murders, deputies served Thurmond with a protective order and
placed his six-year-old son in the custody of his wife. Thurmond was unhappy
that his wife was living across the street with another man. After the deputies
left with the child, Thurmond became very upset. He then shot and killed both
victims.
The Texas Court of Criminal Appeals affirmed Thurmond’s conviction in
November 2004. While his direct appeal was pending, Thurmond filed a state
habeas application in the state court in October 2004. In June 2005, the trial
court entered findings of fact and conclusions of law recommending that
Thurmond’s application be denied. On August 31, 2005, the Court of Criminal
Appeals adopted the findings and conclusions and denied the application.
On September 9, 2005, Thurmond filed a motion for the appointment of
counsel in federal court, and the court appointed counsel on November 11, 2005.
Thurmond’s counsel filed an application for writ of habeas corpus in the United
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States District Court for the Southern District of Texas on September 1, 2006.
In June 2007, the Respondent filed a motion for summary judgment, which the
district court granted and denied Thurmond’s habeas petition. The district court
held that Thurmond’s petition was time-barred, and alternatively, Thurmond
was not entitled to relief on his claims. Thurmond timely filed a notice of appeal.
II. STANDARD OF REVIEW
The Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (“AEDPA”)
requires Thurmond to obtain a COA before he can appeal to this court. 18
U.S.C. § 2253(c); Morris v. Dretke, 379 F.3d 199, 203 (5th Cir. 2004). To obtain
a COA, Thurmond must make “a substantial showing of the denial of a
constitutional right.” § 2253(c)(2). Where, as here, the district court denies a
habeas petition on procedural grounds, “a COA should issue when the prisoner
shows, at least, that jurists of reason would find it debatable whether the
petition states a valid claim of the denial of a constitutional right and that
jurists of reason would find it debatable whether the district court was correct
in its procedural ruling.” Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000) (emphasis
added); see also Morris, 379 F.3d at 204. AEDPA establishes a one-year statute
of limitations for seeking federal habeas corpus relief from a state-court
judgment. 28 U.S.C. § 2244(d)(1).
III. DISCUSSION
Thurmond does not address the merits of the alleged denial of a
constitutional right; his petition focuses on the district court’s procedural ruling.
Thurmond contends that his counsel completed his petition on August 31, 2006,
then attempted to file it in the after hours filing box, which was not working.
His counsel then mailed the habeas petition on the same day, resulting in it
being file marked on September 1, 2006. Thurmond therefore contends that his
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No. 08-70008
petition should be considered timely filed due to the mechanical failure of the
late filing machine.
Even accepting as true the claim that the late filing machine was broken,
such mechanical failure did not render the clerk’s office inaccessible for purposes
of computing time. The administrative procedures of the Southern District of
Texas require all attorneys admitted to the bar of that court, as well as those
admitted pro hac vice, to register as Filing Users. Administrative Procedures for
Electronic Filing in Civil & Criminal Cases 2.A. (S.D. Tex. Jan. 2007). The
procedures state that “a Filing User is required to file electronically all
complaints, initial papers, petitions, motions, memoranda of law, briefs, and
other pleadings and documents filed with the court” in connection with civil and
criminal cases. Administrative Procedures 1.B(1)-(2). Thurmond does not argue
that the electronic filing system was unavailable for purposes of timely filing the
petition.
Further, equitable tolling should not apply in this case. “To be entitled to
equitable tolling, the petitioner ‘must show (1) that he has been pursuing his
rights diligently, and (2) that some extraordinary circumstances stood in his
way.’” Johnson v. Quarterman, 483 F.3d 278, 285 (5th Cir. 2007) (quoting
Lawrence v. Florida, 127 S. Ct. 1079, 1085 (2007)). Thurmond meets neither of
the requirements for equitable tolling. Thurmond waited until the very last day,
after normal business hours to attempt to file his petition. The district court
noted that Thurmond’s counsel was aware that the late filing machine was
broken from a prior case, and Thurmond does not dispute that he was previously
on notice that the machine was broken, albeit several months before the
attempted late filing on August 31, 2006. In light of counsel’s previous problems
with the late filing machine, more than eight months to prepare the petition, and
the availability of electronic filing, this court cannot find that Thurmond was
diligently pursuing his rights by waiting until the last day, after business hours,
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No. 08-70008
to attempt to timely file his petition in the after hours filing machine. Id. at 288
(refusing to apply equitable tolling and finding that circumstances were not
“rare and extraordinary” where counsel “was aware of the deadline, and had
months in which to complete the petition, but waited until the very last minute
on the due date to complete work on it when the computer failed”). For the same
reasons, no extraordinary circumstances stood in his way.
Because our ruling on the procedural issue ends this case, we decline to
address the constitutional issue. See Slack, 529 U.S. at 485; Johnson, 483 F.3d
at 288.
IV. CONCLUSION
Jurists of reason would not find it debatable whether the district court was
correct in its procedural ruling. We therefore DENY Thurmond’s application for
a COA.
5
Keith Thurmond v. Rick Thaler, Director
Combined Opinion