This is a suit to remove a cloud from the title of certain lots in Kansas City belonging to the plaintiff. The alleged cloud consists of certain special judgments rendered in a proceeding to. open a street, the lots in question having been assessed with benefits
The condemnation proceedings were had before the mayor, pursuant to article 7 of Kansas City’s charter of 1889, and an ordinance of said city adopted September 20, 1890. At the date of the ordinance the legal title of the lots was in one Harris, but they were incumbered by a deed of trust to secure certain notes made by Harris to plaintiff Longwell, which the latter then and thereafter owned and held. Subsequently, and before this suit was brought, the Harris deed of trust was foreclosed and Longwell, the beneficiary, purchased at the sale and took a trustee’s deed to the lots.
Facts. I. These condemnation proceedings at Kansas City have their origin in an ordinance adopted by the city council, wherein the property to be _ taken, as well as the property to be assessed with benefits, is designated. The mayor then conducts the proceedings, appointing a time and place where the parties may be heard before a jury who shall assess the damages for property taken, and, also, assess against the different pieces of property benefited, their respective portions of such damages. Before impaneling this jury it is made the duty of the city clerk to issue notices to the parties concerned, naming the owners of each particular tract of land to be assessed with damages or benefits, as the case may be. These notices may be served by any policeman, constable or other officer authorized to serve and return the same. Such notices shall be served “either by delivering to such owner a copy of the notice or leaving such ■ copy
Now in this case Longwell was not personally served with notice, though it is conceded that at the time of the pendency of the proceedings, and for years prior thereto, he resided in Kansas City. However on the return day (December 29, 1890) the police officer intrusted with the service of the notices made this return: “I hereby certify that I have made diligent search and failed to find the following owners and parties in interest, within named, within the limits of Kansas City, Missouri: T. A. Harris; D. W. Longwell” and others. And it was upon this that the order of publication was made and the proceedings went forward to the charge on Longwell’s property. It is also conceded that Longwell at no, time appeared, in the proceedings before the mayor, and never was informed thereof until called upon to pay the special assessments which had ripened into judgments.
It is clear, then, that unless Longwell was served by the publication of notice he was not within the jurisdiction of the mayor’s court, and all such charges and assessments against him or his property should be
Municipal Corporations: street improvement: mayor's court: jurisdiction: service. The return in this proceeding failed tó show that service of notice could not be made on D. W. Longwell within the city; it stated only that after diligent search the officer had failed to find him. It might be that the officer was unable to find Longwell, and yet he might have been able to serve him in the manner prescribed by charter; that is, if not by delivering to such owner a copy of the notice yet it might have been served by “leaving such copy for such owner at the usual place of abode of such owner with some member of the family of such owner over the age of fifteen years.” Until the charter mode of personal service had proved unavailing and the return had shown this, there was no jurisdiction to make the order of publication. “This was the condition precedent for such constructive service, a service not favored by the law, and against which all presumptions are indulged.” State ex rel. v. Field, 107 Mo. 445, and cases cited.
It seems clear then, that as to Longwell no jurisdiction was obtained. He was not served with notice, actual or constructive; and as he did not in fact appear in the mayor’s court, the whole proceeding was as to him a nullity.
But notwithstanding the plausible nature of counsel’s contention, the authorities are uniformly against it. The owner named in the charter or statute is held to include a record mortgagee or cestui que trust in a deed of trust duly recorded. Stafford v. Fizer, 82 Mo. 393; Blevins v. Smith, 104 Mo. 583, and cases cited at page 589, together with the numerous authorities found in the brief of the learned and industrious counsel for plaintiff.
In a majority of the cases cited the courts construed the general revenue law where the suit for the foreclosure of the state’s lien for taxes on real estate is required tobe brought against “the owner of the property.” And in such cases it was held, that unless the
-: -: judgment: injunction. .Neither can there be any question as to the right of the plaintiff to resort to equity to remove the cloud created by these judgments from the title of his real estate. State ex rel., etc., v. Philips, 97 Mo. 331-339; Bayha v. Taylor, 36 Mo. App. 427; 1 Story’s Eq. Jur., sec. 80.
Our conclusion then is that the condemnation proceedings in question are, as to plaintiff Longwell, void; and that the judgments charging his lots constitute a cloud on his title and should be removed.
The judgment of the circuit court will be reversed and cause remanded with directions to enter a decree as prayed for in plaintiff’s petition.