In the United States Court of Federal Claims
OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS
No. 12-742V
Filed: March 28, 2017
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Special Master Sanders
SYDNEY RICH, *
* Attorneys’ Fees and Costs; Adjusted Hourly
Petitioner, * Rate; Paralegal’s Adjusted Rate;
* Reduction for Duplicative Entries.
v. *
*
SECRETARY OF HEALTH *
AND HUMAN SERVICES, *
*
Respondent. *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Andrew D. Downing, Van Cott & Talamante, PLLC, Phoenix, AZ, for Petitioner.
Sarah C. Duncan, United States Department of Justice, Washington, DC, for Respondent.
DECISION ON ATTORNEYS’ FEES AND COSTS1
On November 1, 2012, Sydney Rich (“Petitioner”) petitioned for compensation under the
National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, 42 U.S.C. §§ 300aa-1 to -34 (2012).2 Petitioner
alleged that the administration of an influenza (“flu”) vaccine on September 26, 2010 caused her
to suffer from Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (“ADEM”). Petition at 1, filed Nov. 1,
2012. On June 30, 2016, Special Master Hamilton-Fieldman issued a decision dismissing the
petition. Decision, ECF No. 91.
1
This decision shall be posted on the United States Court of Federal Claims’ website, in
accordance with the E-Government Act of 2002, 44 U.S.C. § 3501 note (2012) (Federal
Management and Promotion of Electronic Government Services). In accordance with Vaccine
Rule 18(b), a party has 14 days to identify and move to delete medical or other information that
satisfies the criteria in § 300aa-12(d)(4)(B). Further, consistent with the rule requirement, a
motion for redaction must include a proposed redacted decision. If, upon review, the
undersigned agrees that the identified material fits within the requirements of that provision, such
material will be deleted from public access.
2
The Program comprises Part 2 of the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, Pub. L.
No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3758, codified as amended, 42 U.S.C. §§ 300aa-10 et seq. (2012)
(hereinafter “Vaccine Act” or “the Act”). Hereinafter, individual section references will be to 42
U.S.C. § 300aa of the Act.
1
On January 13, 2017, Petitioner filed an application for attorneys’ fees and costs.
Petitioner requested attorneys’ fees in the amount of $30,040.50. See Petitioner’s Application at
1, filed Jan. 13, 2017. Petitioner requested attorneys’ costs in the amount of $8,086.87. Id.
Respondent indicated that “[t]o the extent the Special Master is treating [P]etitioner’s request for
attorneys’ fees and costs as a motion that requires a response from [R]espondent . . . Respondent
is satisfied the statutory requirements for an award of attorneys’ fees and costs are met in this
case.” Respondent’s Response at 2, filed Jan. 30, 2017. Respondent recommended that the
undersigned exercise her discretion and determine a reasonable award for attorneys’ fees and
costs. Id. at 3. Petitioner did not file a reply thereafter.
For the reasons discussed below, the undersigned awards Petitioner $27,464.80 in
attorneys’ fees and $8,086.87 in attorneys’ costs, for a total award of $35,551.67.
I. Reasonable Attorneys’ Fees and Costs
The Vaccine Act permits an award of reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs. § 15(e). The
Federal Circuit has approved the lodestar approach to determine reasonable attorneys’ fees and
costs under the Vaccine Act. Avera v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 515 F.3d 1343, 1348
(Fed. Cir. 2008). This is a two-step process. Id. First, a court determines an “initial estimate . . .
by ‘multiplying the numbers of hours reasonably expended on the litigation times a reasonable
hourly rate.’” Id. at 1347-48 (quoting Blum v. Stenson, 465 U.S. 886, 888 (1984)). Second, the
court may make an upward or downward departure from the initial calculation of the fee award
based on specific findings. Id. at 1348.
It is “well within the special master’s discretion” to determine the reasonableness of fees.
Saxton v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 3 F.3d 1517, 1521-22 (Fed. Cir. 1993); see also
Hines v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 22 Cl Ct. 750, 753 (1991) (“[T]he reviewing court
must grant the special master wide latitude in determining the reasonableness of both attorneys’
fees and costs.”). Applications for attorneys’ fees must include contemporaneous and specific
billing records that indicate the work performed and the number of hours spent on said work.
See Savin v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 85 Fed. Cl. 313, 316-18 (2008). Attorneys may be
awarded fees for travel if they provide adequate documentation that they performed legal work
during that travel. Gruber v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 91 Fed. Cl. 773, 791 (2010).
The decision in McCulloch provides a framework for consideration of appropriate ranges
for attorneys’ fees based upon the experience of the practicing attorney. McCulloch v. Sec’y of
Health & Human Servs.¸ No. 09-293V, 2015 WL 5634323, at *19 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 1,
2015) motion for recons. Denied, 2015 WL 6181910 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 21, 2015). For
example, an attorney that has been practicing for twenty or more years has an appropriate hourly
rate between $350 and $425. Id. An attorney with eight to ten years of experience, on the other
hand, has a reasonable hourly rate between $275 and $350. Id.
a. Hourly Rates
Special Master Gowen recently determined the reasonable forum rate ranges for attorneys
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with varying years of experience. McCulloch v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 09-293V,
2015 WL 5634323 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 1, 2015). Pursuant to McCulloch, a forum
attorney with more than 20 years of experience may be awarded $350.00 to $425.00 per hour.
McCulloch, 2015 WL 5634323 at *19.
Shortly thereafter, Special Master Corcoran endorsed the rates established in McCulloch
and found that they were applicable to Mr. Downing. Al-Uffi v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., No. 13-956V, 2015 WL 6181669 at *11 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 30, 2015) (finding
that “the forum rate and the rate prevailing among Arizona attorneys [the geographic locale from
which Mr. Downing practices] is substantially equivalent”). Special Master Corcoran then found
that it was appropriate to award Mr. Downing a forum rate of $350.00 per hour for work
performed in 2015. Al-Uffi, 2015 WL 6181669 at *11. Indeed, numerous special masters have
found it appropriate to award Mr. Downing $350.00 per hour for work performed in 2015 and
2016. See, e.g., Weggen v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 15-1338V, 2016 WL 6576568
(Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Oct. 13, 2016); Fuller v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 15-1470V,
2016 WL 3999798 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. July 5, 2016); Allicock v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., No. 15-485V, 2016 WL 3571906 at *7 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. May 26, 2016); Dean v.
Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 13-808V, 2015 WL 8001603 at *7 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr.
Nov. 12, 2015).
In the instant case, the undersigned agrees that Mr. Downing is entitled to forum rates.
The requested rate of $350.00 per hour for work performed in 2015 and 2016 is reasonable and
consistent with past decisions. The undersigned does not approve, however, the requested hourly
rate of $375.00 for Mr. Downing’s work in 2017. This would constitute a 7.14% increase from
the rate awarded in 2016. Petitioner does not provide any rationale for this requested increase.
Furthermore, it would exceed the 3.7% growth rate for attorneys’ fees which is customary in the
Program. See McCulloch v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 09-293V, 2015 WL 5634323
at *16 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 1, 2015). The undersigned will apply the McCulloch growth
rate, which results in an hourly rate of $363.00 for Mr. Downing’s 1.1 hours of work in 2017.
Thus, the fee award is reduced by $13.20.
The undersigned will also award the requested rates for the associates’ and paralegal’s
work in 2015 and 2016, as these are consistent with past decisions. See, e.g., Laney v. Sec’y of
Health & Human Servs., No. 14-948V, 2016 WL 7030744 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Oct. 18, 2016);
Weggen, 2016 WL 6576568 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Oct. 13, 2016); Fuller, 2016 WL 3999798
(Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. July 5, 2016); Nichols v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 14-1103V,
2016 WL 4272356 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. June 22, 2016); Uscher v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., 2016 WL 3670518 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. June 15, 2016).
The undersigned finds that it is necessary to adjust the 2017 rate for paralegal Danielle P.
Avery. In McCulloch, Special Master Gowen found that it was reasonable to award $135.00 per
hour to each paralegal who was “[a] well-qualified, carefully chosen college graduat[e]” with
“several years at the firm doing exclusively vaccine work.” McCulloch at *21. Special masters
have consistently awarded $100.00 per hour for work performed by Ms. Avery. See, e.g., Laney,
2016 WL 7030744 at *6; Weggen, 2016 WL 6576568 at *7; Uscher, 2016 WL 3670518 at *2.
In this case, Petitioner requests $100.00 per hour for Ms. Avery’s work in 2015 and 2016, and an
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increased rate of $135.00 per hour for her work in 2017. Petitioner does not provide any
information about Ms. Avery’s qualifications or what would justify this increased rate. Because
there is no indication that Ms. Avery now has credentials and experience comparable to the
paralegals in McCulloch, it is unreasonable to increase her rate to $135.00 per hour. However, it
is reasonable to increase her rate to account for her additional experience and the rate of
inflation. After some consideration, the undersigned will award $110.00 per hour for Ms.
Avery’s 0.50 hours of work performed in 2017. Thus, Ms. Avery’s fee award is reduced by
$12.50.
b. Hours Expended
On review of the billing record, the undersigned finds a reduction of Mr. Downing’s
travel fees by half to be reasonable. In Gruber, the Court of Federal Claims noted that “[e]ven
an automatic 50% award may be too high for an undocumented claim, given the possibility that
an attorney may use the travel time to work on another matter or not to work at all while
traveling.” Gruber v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 91 Fed. Cl. 773, at 791 (2010). Instead,
petitioners’ counsel must provide adequate documentation for a full award of requested fees. See
id., at 791 (“[I]t is not only logical, but proper practice, to require Petitioners’ attorneys to
document the fees claim submitted in a manner that will enable the Special Master to reach a
reasoned decision.”); see also Pancoast v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 15-718V, 2016
WL 7574815, at *4 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Nov. 16, 2016) (finding full compensation for travel
where petitioner’s counsel provided adequate documentation).
Here, I do not find the documentation warranting a full award of attorneys’ fees for the
travel of November 15, 2016 and November 16, 2016. For November 15, 2016, Mr. Downing
billed 7 hours for “[t]ravel to D.C. for oral argument on appeal.” ECF No. 103-1, at 4. I will
award Mr. Downing 3.5 hours for this travel. On November 16, 2016, counsel billed 7 hours for
“[r]eturn travel from D.C. to Phoenix following oral argument.” Id. at 5. Likewise, Mr.
Downing will be awarded half the time billed. Thus, Mr. Downing’s travel fee award is reduced
by $2,450.
Additionally, it appears that the fee application contains several duplicative entries,
which will not be compensated. On April 6, 2015, Ms. Avery made three identical billing
entries, for 0.2 hours to “Draft Notice of Change of Address for filing with the Court; finalize
and file Notice of Change of Address.” ECF No. 103-1, at 6. On November 2, 2016, she twice
billed 0.2 hours to “Receive, review, and process Court’s Scheduling Order; note Oral Argument
scheduled for November 16, 2016 @ 2:00 p.m. EST.” Id. at 8. In total, Ms. Avery billed 1 hour
at $100.00 per hour, totaling $100.00, for entries that appear duplicative. Accordingly, these are
deducted from the fee award.
c. Costs
Like attorneys’ fees, a request for reimbursement of costs must be reasonable. Perreira v.
Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 27 Fed. Cl. 29, 34 (Fed. Cl. 1992). Petitioner requests
$8,086.87 in attorneys’ costs. The costs are associated with legal research; travel to and from
4
D.C.; postage; photocopying and faxing; and obtaining an expert report. The undersigned finds
them to be reasonable and awards them in full.
II. Conclusion
Based on all of the above, the undersigned finds that Petitioner is entitled to the following
award of reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs:
Attorneys’ Fees Requested $30,040.50
(Reduction to Mr. Downing’s Hourly Rate in 2017) -$13.20
(Reduction to Ms. Avery’s Hourly Rate in 2017) -$12.50
(Reduction for Mr. Downing’s Travel Fees) -$2,450
(Reduction for Duplicative Entries) -$100.00
Attorneys’ Fees Awarded $27,464.80
Attorneys’ Costs Awarded $8,086.87
Total Attorneys’ Fees and Costs Awarded $35,551.67
The undersigned has reviewed Petitioner’s counsel’s detailed records of time and
expenses incurred in this case, and they are reasonable with the above reductions. In accordance
with the Vaccine Act, 42 U.S.C. § 300aa-15(e) (2012), the undersigned finds that Petitioner is
entitled to attorneys’ fees and costs. Accordingly, the undersigned hereby awards the
amount of $35,551.67,3 in the form of a check made payable jointly to Petitioner and
Petitioner’s counsel, Andrew D. Downing, of Van Cott & Talamante, PLLC. In the absence
of a motion for review filed pursuant to RCFC Appendix B, the clerk of the court shall enter
judgment in accordance herewith.4
IT IS SO ORDERED.
/s/Herbrina D. Sanders
Herbrina D. Sanders
Special Master
3
This amount is intended to cover all legal expenses incurred in this matter. This award
encompasses all charges by the attorney against a client, “advanced costs” as well as fees for
legal services rendered. Furthermore, § 15(e)(3) prevents an attorney from charging or
collecting fees (including costs) that would be in addition to the amount awarded herein. See
generally Beck v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 924 F.2d 1029 (Fed. Cir. 1991).
4
Entry of judgment can be expedited by each party’s filing of a notice renouncing the right to
seek review. Vaccine Rule 11(a).
5
Rich v. Secretary of Health and Human Services
Combined Opinion